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The tendency to process information by looking for, or interpreting, information that is consistent with one’s existing beliefs. This bias can lead AI systems to perpetuate existing preconceptions and ignore contrary data.

The inclination to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. In AI, this can occur if the training data disproportionately represents certain patterns or occurrences.

A form of reactivity in which a researcher's cognitive bias causes them to unconsciously influence the participants of an experiment. In AI, this can lead to biased datasets if the data collectors' expectations affect the data collection process.

Systematic and repeatable errors in a computer system that create unfair outcomes, such as privileging one arbitrary group of users over others. This can arise from flawed algorithm design or biased training data.

Occurs when a dataset is not representative of the population as a whole. AI models trained on such data can produce skewed or unfairly biased results, leading to incorrect generalizations.

The cognitive bias that describes the human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the 'anchor') when making decisions. In AI, this can affect decision-making processes and outcomes if the initial information is biased.

When an AI model learns the detail and noise in the training data to the extent that it negatively impacts the model's performance on new data, leading to a model that has poor predictive performance in practice.

The propensity for humans to favor suggestions from automated decision-making systems and to ignore contradictory information made without automation, even if it is correct. This can result in over-reliance on AI decisions without critical evaluation.

Refers to the systematic errors made when people evaluate or try to find reasons for their own and others' behaviors. AI can inherit this bias through its creators or the data it is trained on, potentially causing unfair judgement or stereotyping.