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Evolutionary Computation Concepts
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Fitness Function
A function that quantifies the optimality of a solution in a genetic algorithm, often correlating to how 'fit' or 'well-adapted' a solution is within the given environment or problem space.
Genetic Algorithm
A class of optimization algorithms inspired by the process of natural selection, where potential solutions to a problem evolve through processes akin to crossover, mutation, and selection.
Population
In evolutionary computation, it refers to a collection of potential solutions evaluated in each iteration of the algorithm, where individuals can be selected for reproduction.
Mutation
An operator in evolutionary algorithms that introduces random alterations to the genetic representation of a solution to maintain diversity in the population and prevent premature convergence.
Selection
A process in genetic algorithms by which individuals are chosen based on their fitness scores to reproduce and populate the next generation, simulating the 'survival of the fittest' principle.
Crossover
A genetic operator used in genetic algorithms to combine the genetic information of two parents to generate new offspring with pieces of each parent's features.
Gene
The basic unit of the genetic representation in evolutionary algorithms, typically corresponding to a component of the solution or a variable in the optimization problem.
Genotype
The encoded genetic makeup of an individual solution within the context of genetic algorithms, exhibiting the traits or variables that are subjected to evolutionary operations.
Chromosome
In the context of genetic algorithms, a chromosome is a single string of genes, which encodes the solution to the problem that the algorithm is attempting to solve.
Phenotype
The actual expressed traits or the outward, physical manifestation of the genotype in an individual solution in genetic algorithms, seen through the solution's performance or behavior.
Evolution Strategy
A subset of evolutionary computation methods that primarily uses continuous parameter optimization, focusing on the adaptation of strategy parameters such as mutation rate, rather than emphasizing crossover.
Elitism
A technique used in genetic algorithms to ensure that the best individuals are preserved from generation to generation, thereby guaranteeing that the fitness of the population does not decrease.
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