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Spatial Computing in AR

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Environmental Understanding

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Environmental Understanding refers to the AR technology's ability to recognize and interpret features in the user's surrounding space, which can be used for smarter virtual content interaction.

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Spatial Audio

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Spatial Audio simulates how sound behaves in a physical space, providing a 3D sound experience. In AR, it makes the virtual content more immersive by aligning audio with visual cues.

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Depth Sensing

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Depth Sensing involves measuring the distance to surfaces within an environment, crucial for realistically placing AR objects and understanding the 3D structure of the surroundings.

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Markerless Tracking

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Unlike marker-based tracking, Markerless Tracking relies on natural features of the environment to place augmented content, offering more flexibility in AR experiences.

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Reality-Virtuality Continuum

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This concept, introduced by Paul Milgram, categorizes the range from completely real to completely virtual environments, with AR occupying the space between the two extremes.

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Anchors

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Anchors are fixed points in the real world used by AR applications to attach virtual content, ensuring consistent positioning and orientation relative to the environment.

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Six Degrees of Freedom (6DoF)

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6DoF refers to the freedom of movement in three-dimensional space. In AR, it allows users to move around and see virtual objects from all angles, as if they are actually present in the real world.

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Point Clouds

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Point Clouds consist of a set of data points in space, representing the external surfaces of objects. In AR, they are used to create three-dimensional models of the environment.

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Collaborative AR

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Collaborative AR enables multiple users to interact with the same augmented content simultaneously, often with spatial computing ensuring content is consistently positioned for all participants.

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Raycasting

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Raycasting involves projecting a virtual ray from a point in space to detect surfaces or objects that intersect with it, commonly used in AR for selecting or placing virtual objects.

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SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)

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SLAM is a computational method that helps AR devices understand the environment by creating a map and tracking their own movement in it simultaneously, enabling accurate positioning of virtual content.

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Spatial Mapping

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Spatial Mapping is the process of creating a digital map of the surrounding 3D space to enable the precise placement of AR objects in relation to real-world structures.

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Occlusion

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Occlusion in AR refers to the ability of an AR system to correctly display virtual objects behind real-world ones, enhancing the realism by correctly mimicking the way objects are blocked from view.

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Head Pose Estimation

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This technique estimates the orientation and position of the user's head for perspective-correct rendering in AR, providing a natural and responsive experience.

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Gesture Recognition

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Gesture Recognition in AR refers to the ability of systems to understand and respond to human gestures, allowing users to interact with virtual content intuitively.

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Marker-based Tracking

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Marker-based Tracking uses visual markers to trigger the display of augmented content. These markers are recognized by the AR system to accurately position virtual objects.

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Content Anchoring

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Content Anchoring allows virtual objects to stay in place relative to the real world as the user moves, augmenting their perception of a consistent and stable AR environment.

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Plane Detection

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Plane Detection is a spatial computing task where AR devices identify horizontal and vertical surfaces in the environment to accurately place virtual objects upon them.

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Visual Inertial Odometry (VIO)

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VIO combines camera visual information with inertial sensors to track the spatial movement and orientation of an AR device, enabling precise positioning without GPS.

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Light Estimation

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Light Estimation allows AR applications to estimate the real-world lighting conditions, which can be used to adjust the lighting of virtual objects for more natural integration.

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