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Finds the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string. Example: $pos = strpos('Hello World', 'World'); //$pos = 6

Sort an array by key. Example: ksort($array);$

Pushes one or more elements onto the end of an array. Example: array_push($array, 'value');$

Performs a regular expression match. Example: $matches = preg_match('/pattern/',$string);

Decodes a JSON string. Example: $array = json_decode($json, true); // associative array

Sort an array by values using a user-defined comparison function. Example: usort($array, 'comparisonFunction');$

Merges one or more arrays into one array. Example: $mergedArray = array_merge($array1, $array2);$

Counts all elements in an array, or properties in an object. Example: $numItems = count($array);

Joins array elements with a string. Example: $string = implode('-',$array); // if $array = ['one', 'two'],$string = 'one-two'

Start new or resume existing session. Example: session_start();

Parses an English textual datetime into a Unix timestamp. Example: $time = strtotime('next week');$

Reads entire file into a string. Example: $contents = file_get_contents('filename.txt');$

Write a string to a file. Example: file_put_contents('filename.txt', 'Hello World');

Formats a local date and time. Example: $date = date('Y-m-d');$

Splits a string by a string. Example: $array = explode(',', 'one,two,three'); //$array = ['one', 'two', 'three']

Determine whether a variable is empty. Example: if (empty($var)) { /* ... */ }$

Perform a cURL session. Example: $output = curl_exec($ch);

Destroys a session. Example: session_destroy();

Send a raw HTTP header. Example: header('Location: http://www.example.com/');

Prints human-readable information about a variable. Example: print_r($array);$

Initializes a new session and return a cURL handle. Example: $ch = curl_init('http://www.example.com/');$

Outputs one or more strings to the output buffer. Example: echo 'Hello, World!';

Filters elements of an array using a callback function. Example: $filtered = array_filter($array, 'callbackFunction');

Replaces all occurrences of the search string with the replacement string. Example: $newString = str_replace('World', 'PHP', 'Hello World'); //$newString = 'Hello PHP'

Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays. Example: $squared = array_map(function($n) { return $n *$n; }, $array);$

Sorts an array. Example: sort($array);$

Strips whitespace (or other characters) from the beginning and end of a string. Example: $text = trim($text);

Encodes a value to JSON format. Example: $json = json_encode($array);

Unsets a given variable. Example: unset($var);$

Iteratively reduces the array to a single value using a callback function. Example: $sum = array_reduce($array, function($carry,$item) { return $carry +$item; }, 0);

Dumps information about a variable including its type and value. Example: var_dump($variable);$

Gets the length of a string. Example: $length = strlen('Hello'); //$length = 5

Checks if a value exists in an array. Example: $exists = in_array('apple',$array); // $exists = true or false$

Determines if a variable is set and is not NULL. Example: if (isset($var)) { /* ... */ }$