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SQL Commands
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SELECT
Retrieve data from one or more tables.
UPDATE
Modify existing data within a table.
DELETE
Remove existing data from a table.
INSERT INTO
Add new data into a table.
CREATE TABLE
Create a new table in the database.
ALTER TABLE
Modify the structure of an existing table.
DROP TABLE
Delete a table and its data from the database.
JOIN
Combine rows from two or more tables, based on a related column.
WHERE
Filter results of a query based on conditions.
GROUP BY
Group rows that have the same values in specified columns.
ORDER BY
Sort the results of a query in ascending or descending order.
LIMIT
Constrain the number of rows returned by a query.
HAVING
Filter groups created by GROUP BY based on aggregate conditions.
INDEX
Create an index on one or more columns to improve query performance.
INNER JOIN
Select records that have matching values in both tables.
LEFT JOIN
Select all records from the left table, and matched records from the right table.
RIGHT JOIN
Select all records from the right table, and matched records from the left table.
FULL JOIN
Select all records when there is a match in either left or right table.
UNION
Combine the result sets of two or more SELECT statements.
UNION ALL
Combine the result sets of two or more SELECT statements, including duplicates.
DISTINCT
Return only distinct (different) values.
CASE
Provide conditional logic within SQL queries.
EXISTS
Test for the existence of any record in a subquery.
COUNT
Count the number of rows that match a specified condition.
MIN
Find the smallest value in a column.
MAX
Find the largest value in a column.
SUM
Calculate the sum of a set of values.
AVG
Calculate the average value of a set of values.
LIKE
Search for a specified pattern in a column.
IN
Specify multiple possible values for a column.
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