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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an eco-friendly approach that combines different management strategies and practices to grow healthy crops and minimize the use of pesticides. It's applied in agriculture by monitoring and identifying pests, and using a combination of biological, cultural, physical, and chemical management tools to keep pest populations under economic thresholds.

Biological control involves using natural enemies of pests, such as predators, parasitoids, or pathogens, to reduce pest populations. In agriculture, it's applied by introducing these beneficial organisms or enhancing their natural presence in the field.

Mechanical and physical control strategies involve the use of equipment, devices, or manual techniques to manage pests. They are applied in agriculture through practices like traps, barriers, hand-picking, mulching, and water management.

Monitoring and Identification are critical components of IPM, which involve regular observation of pest populations and their damage and accurate identification of pest species. It's applied in agriculture via scouting, trapping, and the use of forecasting models.

Chemical control refers to the use of pesticides. Within IPM, it's applied as a last resort when other methods fail, and the selection and application of pesticides are done in a way that minimizes risk to non-target organisms, humans, and the environment.

Cultural control includes practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and survival. It's applied in agriculture by crop rotation, tillage practices, timing of planting, and use of resistant varieties.

The economic threshold is the point at which the cost of pest damage exceeds the cost of pest control. In agriculture, it's applied by determining at what point pest control measures need to be implemented to avoid economic loss.

Record keeping and the use of decision support tools help track pest populations, control actions, and their outcomes. In agriculture, these records inform future IPM strategies and improve decision-making through historical data analysis and predictive models.

Resistance management entails preventing pests from developing resistance to control measures, particularly pesticides. In agriculture, it's applied through rotating pesticides with different modes of action, using a mixture of chemicals, and integrating non-chemical methods.