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Important Crop Diseases
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Verticillium Wilt
Host Crop: Cotton, Tomato, and Eggplant, Symptoms: Wilted, yellowed leaves and stunted growth, Management: Soil solarization, resistant varieties, clean cultivation tools
Rust
Host Crop: Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans, Symptoms: Red or brown pustules on leaves and stems, Management: Resistant varieties, fungicides, destroy volunteer plants
Fusarium Wilt
Host Crop: Tomato, Banana, and Watermelon, Symptoms: Yellowing and wilting of leaves, often one-sided, Management: Resistant varieties, crop rotation, soil fumigation
Downy Mildew
Host Crop: Grapes, Lettuce, and Cucumbers, Symptoms: Yellow patches on upper leaf surfaces, white or grayish mold underside, Management: Resistant cultivars, good air flow, fungicides
Potato Scab
Host Crop: Potato, Symptoms: Rough, scabby patches on potato skins, Management: Maintain soil pH around 5.2, use disease-free seed potatoes, good sanitation
Banana Bunchy Top Virus
Host Crop: Banana, Symptoms: Stunted growth, bunched leaves, Management: Eradication of infected plants, control of aphid vectors, tissue culture of disease-free plants
Corn Smut
Host Crop: Corn, Symptoms: Galls or tumors filled with smut spores, Management: Crop rotation, resistant hybrids, proper fertilization
Grape Black Rot
Host Crop: Grapes, Symptoms: Brown lesions on leaves, black shriveled grapes, Management: Remove mummified fruit, fungicides, canopy management for air flow
Fire Blight
Host Crop: Apple and Pear, Symptoms: Watery lesions on blossoms, wilted shoots, 'shepherd’s crook', Management: Pruning of infected parts, copper sprays, resistant cultivars
Sooty Mold
Host Crop: Citrus, Ornamentals, and Various Fruits, Symptoms: Black, soot-like coating on leaves, Management: Control of sap-sucking insects, horticultural oils, washing off with water
Citrus Canker
Host Crop: Citrus Trees, Symptoms: Yellow halo lesions on leaves, fruit, and twigs, Management: Destruction of infected trees, copper-based bactericides, quarantine measures
Powdery Mildew
Host Crop: Grapes, Wheat, and Many Vegetables, Symptoms: White powdery spots on leaves and stems, Management: Fungicides, resistant varieties, good air circulation
Apple Scab
Host Crop: Apple, Symptoms: Olive-green to black spots on leaves and fruit, Management: Fungicides, resistant varieties, proper sanitation
Late Blight
Host Crop: Potato and Tomato, Symptoms: Dark, water-soaked spots, Management: Crop rotation, resistant cultivars, fungicides
Peach Leaf Curl
Host Crop: Peach and Nectarine, Symptoms: Reddish puckered deformations on leaves, Management: Fungicidal sprays, proper pruning, resistant varieties
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