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Important Crop Diseases

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Verticillium Wilt

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Host Crop: Cotton, Tomato, and Eggplant, Symptoms: Wilted, yellowed leaves and stunted growth, Management: Soil solarization, resistant varieties, clean cultivation tools

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Rust

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Host Crop: Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans, Symptoms: Red or brown pustules on leaves and stems, Management: Resistant varieties, fungicides, destroy volunteer plants

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Fusarium Wilt

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Host Crop: Tomato, Banana, and Watermelon, Symptoms: Yellowing and wilting of leaves, often one-sided, Management: Resistant varieties, crop rotation, soil fumigation

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Downy Mildew

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Host Crop: Grapes, Lettuce, and Cucumbers, Symptoms: Yellow patches on upper leaf surfaces, white or grayish mold underside, Management: Resistant cultivars, good air flow, fungicides

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Potato Scab

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Host Crop: Potato, Symptoms: Rough, scabby patches on potato skins, Management: Maintain soil pH around 5.2, use disease-free seed potatoes, good sanitation

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Banana Bunchy Top Virus

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Host Crop: Banana, Symptoms: Stunted growth, bunched leaves, Management: Eradication of infected plants, control of aphid vectors, tissue culture of disease-free plants

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Corn Smut

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Host Crop: Corn, Symptoms: Galls or tumors filled with smut spores, Management: Crop rotation, resistant hybrids, proper fertilization

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Grape Black Rot

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Host Crop: Grapes, Symptoms: Brown lesions on leaves, black shriveled grapes, Management: Remove mummified fruit, fungicides, canopy management for air flow

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Fire Blight

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Host Crop: Apple and Pear, Symptoms: Watery lesions on blossoms, wilted shoots, 'shepherd’s crook', Management: Pruning of infected parts, copper sprays, resistant cultivars

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Sooty Mold

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Host Crop: Citrus, Ornamentals, and Various Fruits, Symptoms: Black, soot-like coating on leaves, Management: Control of sap-sucking insects, horticultural oils, washing off with water

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Citrus Canker

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Host Crop: Citrus Trees, Symptoms: Yellow halo lesions on leaves, fruit, and twigs, Management: Destruction of infected trees, copper-based bactericides, quarantine measures

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Powdery Mildew

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Host Crop: Grapes, Wheat, and Many Vegetables, Symptoms: White powdery spots on leaves and stems, Management: Fungicides, resistant varieties, good air circulation

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Apple Scab

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Host Crop: Apple, Symptoms: Olive-green to black spots on leaves and fruit, Management: Fungicides, resistant varieties, proper sanitation

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Late Blight

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Host Crop: Potato and Tomato, Symptoms: Dark, water-soaked spots, Management: Crop rotation, resistant cultivars, fungicides

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Peach Leaf Curl

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Host Crop: Peach and Nectarine, Symptoms: Reddish puckered deformations on leaves, Management: Fungicidal sprays, proper pruning, resistant varieties

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