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Clay soil is smooth when dry and sticky when wet. It has very small particles and can hold water well, but has poor drainage and aeration.

Heavy clay soil is very dense with very small particles. It retains water and nutrients well but has poor drainage and can be difficult for plants' roots to penetrate.

Sandy loam soil has a light texture and is well-draining. It has more sand than clay and silt, providing good aeration for plant roots.

Sandy soil has a gritty texture and is formed by the weathering of rocks. It has good drainage but poor water-holding capacity.

Loamy soil is a mix of sand, silt, and clay, making it fertile and well-draining. It's considered an ideal planting medium due to its balanced texture.

Also known as Andisols, volcanic soil is derived from volcanic ash and is very fertile due to the high content of minerals released from volcanic rocks.

Silty soil is smooth to the touch and retains water better than sandy soil. It has better fertility than sandy soil, but can become compacted easily.

Chalky soil is alkaline and typically found over limestone beds. It can be problematic for some plants due to its high pH and can be poor in fertility.

Peaty soil is dark in color and high in organic matter. It is spongy to the touch and can retain a lot of water, which can lead to poor drainage without proper management.