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An artesian aquifer is a type of confined aquifer where the water is under enough pressure to rise above the level of the aquifer when tapped by a well. Example: The Great Artesian Basin, Australia.

A fractured aquifer refers to hard rock aquifers where water moves through fractures in the rock. Example: The Columbia River Basalt Group aquifers in the State of Washington, USA.

An unconfined aquifer is a groundwater aquifer that is open to receive water from the surface and has no confining layer on top. Example: The High Plains Aquifer in the United States.

A leaky confined aquifer is a type of confined aquifer where the confining layer does allow some water to flow into or out of the aquifer. Example: The Upper Floridan Aquifer, USA.

A fossil aquifer contains water that has been trapped in a geological formation for a very long time and is not recharged by the modern hydrological cycle. Example: The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System in the Sahara Desert.

A karst aquifer is formed from soluble rocks, such as limestone, where dissolution has created voids and passages. Example: The Edwards Aquifer, Texas, USA.

A glacial aquifer is made up of sediments deposited by glacial action, often containing highly productive water supplies. Example: The Northern Great Plains Aquifer in the USA and Canada.

A confined aquifer is an aquifer that is overlain by a relatively impermeable layer of rock or sediment. Water is stored under pressure. Example: The Ogallala Aquifer, USA.

A perched aquifer is a groundwater body that sits above the main water table due to a localized, impermeable layer of rock or sediment. Example: Many small, localized aquifers atop hills and mountains.