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Location affected: United States, Michigan, along the Kalamazoo River Extent of damage: Millions in property damage, numerous homes and businesses affected Brief notes on aftermath: Led to a reevaluation of flood plain management and emergency response in the affected region

Location affected: Russia, the city of Saint Petersburg Extent of damage: Over 10,000 homes destroyed, significant loss of life Brief notes on aftermath: One of the first major challenges to urban planning in the city, prompting improvements in the flood defense system

Location affected: China, primarily Huang He (Yellow River) basin Extent of damage: Estimated deaths between 1 to 4 million, millions more left homeless Brief notes on aftermath: Wide-ranging impacts on agriculture, infrastructure, and demography, with diseases and famine following the disaster

Location affected: Southeast Europe, particularly Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina Extent of damage: 86 fatalities, hundreds of thousands evacuated, billions in damages to homes and infrastructure Brief notes on aftermath: International aid was mobilized while countries focused on improving flood defenses and management to prevent future disasters

Location affected: China, primarily Henan Province Extent of damage: Estimated deaths between 500,000 to 900,000 Brief notes on aftermath: The flood was caused intentionally by the destruction of dikes to halt Japanese forces during the Second Sino-Japanese War

Location affected: Bangladesh Extent of damage: Over 5,000 fatalities, millions displaced, and devastated the country's infrastructure and economy Brief notes on aftermath: Stimulated international and national responses to improve flood management and develop better early warning systems

Location affected: United States, Arkansas River and its tributaries Extent of damage: Approximately 100 deaths and thousands of homes destroyed Brief notes on aftermath: Highlighted the need for improved flood control measures, influencing later federal investments in dam and levee construction

Location affected: Western United States, particularly California Extent of damage: Transformation of the Central Valley into a temporary inland sea, severe economic impacts Brief notes on aftermath: Prompted policy changes in land use, and spurred flood management discussions which continue to influence California's water policy

Location affected: Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Belgium Extent of damage: Over 2,500 fatalities and 100,000 people evacuated Brief notes on aftermath: Led to the construction of advanced flood defense systems like the Delta Works in the Netherlands

Location affected: United Kingdom, particularly England and Wales Extent of damage: 13 fatalities, over 55,000 properties damaged, estimated £3 billion in economic losses Brief notes on aftermath: Resulted in significant changes to emergency response and flood defense investment by the UK government

Location affected: United States, South Dakota, region of the Black Hills Extent of damage: 238 fatalities, over 3,000 homes and businesses destroyed, substantial damage to infrastructure Brief notes on aftermath: Resulted in the adoption of stricter flood control measures and emergency warning systems in the affected area

Location affected: Australia, Queensland, city of Brisbane Extent of damage: 14 fatalities, over 6,700 homes destroyed Brief notes on aftermath: Prompted improvements in flood forecasting and warning systems, as well as the construction of the Wivenhoe Dam for better flood control

Location affected: Central United States Extent of damage: Tens of thousands of homes destroyed, estimated $15 billion in damages Brief notes on aftermath: Prompted extensive federal and state disaster relief efforts and led to changes in flood management policies$

Location affected: Multiple countries in Central Europe including Germany, Czech Republic, Austria, and Slovakia Extent of damage: Over 100 fatalities, tens of thousands of people evacuated, billions in economic damage Brief notes on aftermath: Led to improvements in international cooperation for flood forecasting and response across European nations

Location affected: Gulf Coast of the United States, particularly New Orleans Extent of damage: Over 1,800 fatalities, and an estimated $125 billion in damages Brief notes on aftermath: Exposed critical weaknesses in disaster preparedness and response, led to widespread criticism of government agencies$

Location affected: Italy, the city of Florence Extent of damage: Approximately 101 fatalities, significant damage to priceless artworks and historical archives Brief notes on aftermath: International collaboration in art restoration and conservation efforts was mobilized to save damaged cultural treasures

Location affected: India, especially states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh Extent of damage: Over 1,000 fatalities, millions affected, and numerous villages and crop areas inundated Brief notes on aftermath: Prompted national and international aid response, with particular attention to improving health conditions and food supply for the affected populace

Location affected: Pakistan Extent of damage: Approximately 2,000 fatalities and 20 million people affected with a significant impact on infrastructure Brief notes on aftermath: Large-scale international humanitarian assistance efforts were launched; recovery took years

Location affected: China, Yangtze River, Nen River, Songhua River Extent of damage: Over 3,000 fatalities, 15 million homes destroyed, estimated $24 billion in economic losses Brief notes on aftermath: Initiated one of the largest mobilizations for disaster relief in China with large-scale evacuations and the fortification of flood defenses$

Location affected: Thailand Extent of damage: Over 800 fatalities and an estimated $45 billion in damages Brief notes on aftermath: Significant impact on the global supply chain, especially in the electronics and automotive industries$

Location affected: China, along the Yangtze River Extent of damage: Estimated 2 million fatalities Brief notes on aftermath: Prompted the Chinese government to improve flood control measures along the river

Location affected: Japan, region around the city of Kobe Extent of damage: Major infrastructure damage due to 9 inches of rain falling in just a few hours, and the impact of the subsequent earthquake Brief notes on aftermath: Prompted Japan to reevaluate its disaster management and construction standards

Location affected: Mozambique Extent of damage: Approximately 700 fatalities and 1.4 million people affected, with extensive damage to infrastructure Brief notes on aftermath: International aid efforts were mobilized, with ongoing challenges in rebuilding and recovery

Location affected: Canada, primarily southern Alberta Extent of damage: 5 fatalities and over CAD$5 billion in damages Brief notes on aftermath: The worst flooding in Alberta's history; led to substantial investments in flood defense and mitigation$