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Rain occurs when water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into water droplets that become too heavy to stay suspended in clouds, falling to the ground due to gravity.

Hygroscopic nuclei are small particles that attract water vapor, facilitating condensation and cloud formation, especially important in environments with low humidity.

Snow is formed when cold temperatures turn atmospheric water vapor directly into ice crystals, which then fall to the ground when they become heavy enough.

Sleet forms when raindrops freeze into small ice pellets before they hit the ground, usually when they pass through a layer of freezing air.

Virga is precipitation that evaporates before it reaches the ground, commonly seen as streaks or wisps extending from a cloud base.

Sublimation is the transition of water from a solid (ice or snow) directly to a vapor without passing through the liquid phase, occurring under low air pressure and/or high temperature.

Dew forms on surfaces near the ground when the temperature drops and objects cool down to a temperature that allows airborne water vapor to condense.

Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere from their leaves during photosynthesis.

Freezing rain is rain that falls in liquid form but freezes upon impact with surfaces that are at or below freezing point, forming a glaze of ice.

The dew point is the temperature at which air is saturated with water vapor and can no longer hold it, leading to condensation if the air is cooled further.

Precipitation is any form of water - liquid or solid - falling from the atmosphere to the ground, and it occurs when water droplets or ice crystals in clouds grow large enough to fall under gravity.

Hail is produced during thunderstorms when updrafts carry raindrops into extremely cold areas of the atmosphere, where they freeze into balls of ice that fall to the ground.

Drizzle consists of fine water droplets that appear to float in the air, resulting from low-level stratus clouds and usually occurring in stable conditions.

Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor present in the air. High humidity indicates a lot of moisture in the air and is a key factor in the formation of dew and fog.

Mist is a thinner form of fog, consisting of tiny water droplets suspended in the air, which forms when water vapor condenses at or near the ground level.

Evaporation is the process where liquid water turns into water vapor, which then enters the atmosphere, driven by energy from the sun.

Condensation is the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water, often visible as dew, clouds, or fog, occurring when air is cooled to its dew point.

Deposition is the reverse of sublimation, where water vapor changes directly into ice without becoming liquid, commonly seen in the formation of frost.

Fog is a cloud that forms close to the ground when the air near the surface cools down to its dew point, and the water vapor condenses.