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High Altitude Health Hazards
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Frostbite
Symptoms include numbness, white or pale skin, and blistering. Prevention techniques include proper insulation, keeping dry, and protecting extremities from cold exposure.
Altitude Thrombosis
Symptoms include swelling, pain in the limb, and red or discolored skin. Prevention techniques include staying hydrated, moving regularly, and avoiding tight clothing.
Insomnia
Symptoms include difficulty sleeping, frequent awakenings, and non-restorative sleep. Prevention techniques include establishing a regular sleep pattern, avoiding caffeine, and using medications if necessary under medical supervision.
Snow Blindness
Symptoms include eye pain, sensitivity to light, and blurry vision. Prevention techniques include wearing UV-filtering sunglasses, using a wide-brimmed hat, and avoiding prolonged sun exposure.
Digestive Problems
Symptoms include loss of appetite, nausea, and constipation. Prevention techniques include eating high-carbohydrate foods, staying hydrated, and avoiding heavy meals before ascent.
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE)
Symptoms include shortness of breath, cough, and chest congestion. Prevention techniques include ascending slowly, recognizing early symptoms, and seeking immediate descent if symptoms occur.
High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE)
Symptoms include altered mental state, loss of coordination, and possible coma. Prevention techniques include slow and steady ascent, dexamethasone for treatment, and immediate descent with signs of HACE.
Hypothermia
Symptoms include shivering, slurred speech, and lethargy. Prevention techniques include wearing layers of warm clothing, staying dry, and avoiding prolonged exposure to cold.
Retinal Hemorrhage
Symptoms include floaters, spots in vision, and visual field loss. Prevention techniques include prompt descent if symptoms appear, using oxygen if available, and regular eye exams when at risk.
Hypoxia at High Altitudes
Symptoms include shortness of breath, restlessness, and impaired judgment. Prevention techniques include acclimatization, using supplemental oxygen, and ascending gradually.
Sunburn at High Altitudes
Symptoms include red or blistered skin. Prevention techniques include using high SPF sunscreen, wearing a hat and sunglasses, and covering exposed skin.
Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)
Symptoms include headache, nausea, and dizziness. Prevention techniques include gradual ascent, hydration, and acclimatization.
Peripheral Edema
Symptoms include swelling of hands, feet, and face. Prevention techniques include keeping limbs elevated when resting, reducing salt intake, and ascending slowly.
Dehydration
Symptoms include thirst, dark urine, and fatigue. Prevention techniques include drinking plenty of water, avoiding diuretics like caffeine, and monitoring fluid intake regularly.
High Altitude Pharyngitis and Bronchitis
Symptoms include sore throat, coughing, and difficulty swallowing. Prevention techniques include breathing moist air, staying hydrated, and rest.
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