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The bond between dogs and their masters plays a significant role in the novel. Buck’s loyalty to John Thornton is a pivotal part of his character development. Examples include Buck saving Thornton from drowning and his avenging Thornton after his death.

A recurring theme is the natural world's draw upon domesticated animals. Throughout the story, Buck is drawn closer to his inherent wild state. Examples include Buck's increasing comfort in the wilderness and his eventual fully-fledged return to the wild.

This is the central theme of the novel, highlighting the struggle between living beings and their environment. Buck's journey is a constant battle against the cruel conditions of the Klondike. Examples include the frigid temperatures Buck experiences and his encounters with wild animals.

The novel often explores the conflict between civilized behavior and the call of the wild inside a creature. Buck feels the pull of his ancestors when he hears wolves howling, stirring his wild instincts. Examples include Buck's natural hunting abilities resurfacing and his eventual heeding to the call.

Buck changes considerably due to the love and respect he receives from John Thornton, contrasting with his previous owners. This shows the potential for positive change through nurturing relationships. Examples include the rejuvenation of Buck's spirit and his extreme loyalty to Thornton.

Buck’s journey represents the search for personal identity and self-discovery. Through his experiences, Buck learns who he is outside of human influences. Examples include Buck's shifting identity as he moves from master to master and his eventual assertiveness as a pack leader.

The Call of the Wild shows us that betrayal is a part of life, whether by fate, environment, or other individuals. Buck feels betrayed by his when he is sold into sled dogging. Examples include Buck's sale by the gardener's assistant, Manuel, and the dogs' betrayal when they turn on each other under extreme conditions.

The theme describes the law of nature that only the strong will succeed or 'survive'. Buck constantly faces challenges in the harsh environment that tests his strength and adaptability. Examples include Buck’s evolution from a domesticated dog to the leader of a wolf pack.

The novel suggests that immersion in the natural world can lead to redemption and healing. Buck is restored to a noble state as he becomes part of the wild. Examples include the healing Buck experiences in the wilderness and his ultimate freedom from human constraints.