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The Travels of Marco Polo
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Venice
Marco Polo's hometown in Italy from which he began his long journey to Asia. Venice was a major trading hub during the 13th century.
Afghanistan
Polo passed through regions of what is now Afghanistan, observing the rugged terrain and the tough way of life of its inhabitants.
Quanzhou
Once one of the largest ports in the world, Polo remarked on Quanzhou's bustling shipping industry and diversity of merchants.
Persia
Polo traveled through Persia, modern-day Iran, witnessing its vast deserts and learning about the Islamic culture that thrived there.
Beijing
Known as Khanbaliq or Dadu during Polo's time, it was the capital of Kublai Khan's empire where Polo spent many years.
Suzhou
Polo praised this city for its artistry and craftsmanship, particularly in silk production, which was the leading industry.
Sri Lanka
Polo visited this island off the coast of India, which he noted for its precious stones and referred to it as the 'island of gems'.
Myanmar (Burma)
Polo described the region with its many temples and the practice of Buddhism among its people.
Taklamakan Desert
One of the world's largest sandy deserts, Polo managed to survive its harsh conditions while travelling along the Silk Road.
Java
Marco Polo made note of Java's rich and fertile land, its vast wealth in spices and precious stones, as well as the king's grand palace.
Kashgar
A central trading city along the Silk Road, Polo mentioned the convergence of rich trade routes in Kashgar.
Shangdu (Xanadu)
Kublai Khan's summer capital which Marco Polo described as a magnificent city of palaces and marble bridges.
Sumatra
Visited by Polo on his return journey, he observed the island's multitude of languages and rich products, such as camphor, cloves, and betel nuts.
Samarkand
Part of modern-day Uzbekistan, Samarkand impressed Polo with its architecture and was a key economic and cultural center of the Silk Road.
Bukhara
An important cultural and trade center in the Persian Empire, Marco Polo described its prosperous markets and caravanserais.
Jerusalem
Marco Polo visited the holy city of Jerusalem to acquire oil from the lamp at the Holy Sepulchre before continuing to the Mongol Empire.
Hangzhou
Described by Polo as the 'finest and most splendid city in the world', it was known for its grand canal and vibrant markets.
Armenia
Polo described Greater Armenia in his book, discussing the region's Christian faith and the presence of Mount Ararat where Noah's Ark is said to have rested.
Pamir Mountains
Polo was one of the first Europeans to describe these high mountains in Central Asia, which he called 'the roof of the world'.
Yangzhou
A city where Marco Polo allegedly served as a government official for three years, it was an important cultural and trading city.
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