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Systems of Linear Equations
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Substitution Method
Solve one of the equations for one variable and substitute this expression into the other equation to find the second variable.
Graph Theory (Flow Networks)
Solve systems that model flow networks using graph theory techniques like the Ford-Fulkerson algorithm.
Parametric Equations Solving
Express the solution set of the system in terms of one or more parameters, usually used in cases of infinite solutions.
Simplex Method (Optimization)
Although not a direct solver, Simplex Method is used to optimize linear equations subject to constraints, which can be seen as a system of equations.
Consistency of a System
A consistent system is one that has at least one solution; assess this by examining the rank of matrices.
Gauss-Jordan Elimination
Transform the system of equations into Reduced Row Echelon Form to directly read the solutions.
Inverse Matrix Method for 3x3 System
For systems with three equations and three unknowns, calculate the inverse of the 3x3 coefficient matrix to find the solution vector.
Eigenvalue Method
For certain systems, particularly differential equations, eigenvalues can be used to find solutions.
QR Decomposition Method
Decompose the coefficient matrix into a product of an orthogonal matrix and an upper triangular matrix to solve the system.
Matrix Inversion Method
Compute the inverse of the coefficient matrix and multiply it with the constant matrix to solve for .
Laplace Expansion (Determinants)
For a system represented in matrix form, the determinant can be used to assess the uniqueness of the solution under Cramer's Rule.
Rank of a Matrix
Use the rank of the coefficient matrix and the augmented matrix to determine the number of solutions of the system.
Least Squares Solution
When the system has no exact solution (is overdetermined), find an approximate solution that minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals.
Solution Space for a System
Characterize the solution space (set of all possible solutions) for a linear system, which can be a point, a line, a plane, or have higher dimensions.
Conjugate Gradient Method
An iterative method for solving systems of linear equations with a positive-definite matrix, often used for large systems.
LU Decomposition
Factor the coefficient matrix into a lower triangular matrix and an upper triangular matrix to solve .
Pivoting Strategies in Gaussian Elimination
Use pivoting to avoid division by small numbers or to improve numerical stability when using Gaussian elimination.
Graphical Method
Plot both equations on a graph and identify the point(s) of intersection.
Cramer's Rule ( system)
Use determinants of matrices to solve for unknowns in a system of two equations with two variables.
Matrix Equations ()
Express the system of equations as a matrix equation and use matrix operations to solve it.
Iterative Methods (e.g., Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel)
Use iterative algorithms to approximate the solution to system of equations, especially for large systems.
Gaussian Elimination
Transform the system of equations into Row Echelon Form to solve the system.
Diophantine Equations
Special systems of equations where the solutions are required to be integers. Use number theory methods to solve.
Elimination Method
Add or subtract the equations to eliminate one variable, solving for the remaining variable.
Homogeneous Systems
A system is homogeneous if all the constant terms are zero; such systems always have at least the trivial solution .
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