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A large hanging drum angled on a stand, played with padded mallets in Gagaku music, known for its deep, resonant sound used in both court and religious music.

A Japanese short-necked lute, played with a large plectrum, used occasionally in Gagaku performances, often for narrative storytelling in 'heikyoku' pieces.

A double reed Japanese flute often considered the main instrument in Gagaku music, providing a distinctive timbre and playing the main melodic lines in the ensemble.

The traditional court music of Japan with a history extending over 1,200 years, originally associated with the imperial court and featuring both music and dance, it is now a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.

A category of Japanese flutes of which the Ryūteki is a primary example in Gagaku, and includes other types like the Komabue and Nokan.

The dance component of Gagaku, often accompanied by the Gagaku musical ensemble, with performances that include precise choreography often symbolizing historical tales or celestial events.

A small double-headed drum used in Gagaku, held in the lap, and played with two sticks. It often marks the rhythmic cycle in dance pieces.

A generic term for drum in Japanese, but in Gagaku, it refers to a large barrel drum used to provide dynamic rhythmic support for the ensemble.

A lower-pitched, larger variant of the Koto used in Gagaku performances, known for its deeper and more resonant tones, adding depth to the ensemble.

A transverse bamboo flute in the Gagaku ensemble that plays cheerful and light melodic passages, symbolizing the dragon in Gagaku dance.

A high-pitched bamboo flute used in Gagaku and in Noh theatre, recognizable by its distinct solo timbre and challenging playability.

A small bronze gong played with a horn mallet, used in Gagaku to keep rhythm and add metallic texture, often associated with Buddhist rituals.

A mouth organ used in Gagaku that plays clusters of tones called 'aizuchi', contributing harmony and rich overtones, and is said to represent the phoenix in dance performances.

A long zither with 13 strings that is plucked, known for its elegant and subtle contributions to Gagaku, although not a traditional Gagaku instrument.