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Audio Mastering Concepts
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Dynamic Range Compression
A process that reduces the volume of loud sounds or amplifies quiet sounds by narrowing the dynamic range of an audio signal.
Equalization
The process of adjusting the balance between frequency components within an audio signal.
Limiting
A type of dynamic range compression that prevents an audio signal from exceeding a certain threshold.
Stereo Widening
Technique used to create a sense of a wider stereo image or spatial depth in an audio mix.
Loudness Normalization
Matching audio levels for consistency across tracks and albums, often to conform to broadcast or streaming standards.
Dithering
The process of adding low-level noise to a digital audio signal to mask unwanted harmonics and quantization error when reducing bit depth.
Mid/Side (M/S) Processing
A technique where the audio material is divided into mid (center) and side (left & right difference) channels for independent processing to control the stereo image.
Saturation
The subtle form of distortion that adds harmonic complexity, warmth, and fullness to audio signals, often emulating the sound of analog tape or tubes.
Audio Mastering Chain
The signal processing sequence used in audio mastering, typically involving EQ, compression, limiting, and other effects, patched in a specific order.
Peak Normalization
The process of adjusting the audio level so that the peak amplitude reaches a target level, ensuring the maximum volume without distortion.
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