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Musical Form Terms

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Theme and Variations

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A form consisting of a theme that is followed by a series of variations on that theme.

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Canon

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A contrapuntal composition where one voice starts and is imitated by one or more other voices that enter successively.

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Strophic

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A song form where each verse is set to the same melody and chord progression (AAAA...).

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Fugue

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A polyphonic composition based on one main theme called a 'subject', with staggered entries of the subject in different voices.

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Rondo

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A form characterized by a recurring theme (A) that alternates with new material: ABACA, ABACABA, etc.

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Binary

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Composed of two sections, A and B, which are usually repeated.

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Sonata

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A form used in the first movement of a sonata or symphony with an exposition, development, and recapitulation.

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Through-composed

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A form that continuously changes, avoiding repetition of entire sections, as found in some art songs.

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Ternary

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A three-part structure where the first and last sections are identical (A), and the middle section is contrasting (B), typically ABA.

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Twelve-bar Blues

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A chord progression that lasts 12 bars and typically uses the I, IV, and V chords, common in blues music.

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