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Also known as alla breve or 2/2 time, this meter has 2 half-note beats per measure and is considered a faster version of common time.

The 5/4 meter contains 5 beats per measure and the quarter note takes one beat. It often gives an unsettled feeling.

Duple meter has two beats per measure, with the first beat being the strong beat and the second being weaker.

9/8 time is a compound meter with three main beats, each subdivided into three eighth notes.

Quadruple meter contains four beats per measure, formatted typically as strong-weak-less strong-weak.

12/8 is compound quadruple meter with four main beats, each divided into three eighth notes.

3/4 time is characterized by have 3 beats per measure, where the quarter note receives one beat.

Syncopation is a rhythmic concept where the accented or emphasized note is played off the main beats of the bar.

2/4 time has 2 beats per measure and the quarter note takes the beat. It is common in marches and polkas.

Mixed meter refers to music that combines different meters within a piece, often changing from one measure to the next.

Also known as 4/4 time, this meter signature signifies that there are 4 beats per measure and the quarter note gets one beat.

6/8 time signature means there are 6 beats per measure and the eighth note gets one beat, often grouped in sets of three to create a compound feel.

7/4 time signature has 7 beats per measure, with the quarter note receiving one beat, often irregular in feel.

Triple meter consists of three beats per measure, usually with one strong beat followed by two weaker ones.

Compound meter divides each beat into three smaller beats, as seen in 6/8, 9/8, and 12/8 time signatures.

Simple meter divides the main beats into two, such as 2/4, 3/4, and 4/4 time signatures.

Funk rhythm is characterized by syncopation, heavy bass lines, and repetitive grooves that create a compelling dance beat.

Isorhythm is a technique used in medieval and Renaissance music where a rhythmic pattern (talea) is repeated throughout a section.

Polyrhythm occurs when two or more rhythms with different beats are played simultaneously, such as 3 against 2.

Additive rhythm is created by concatenating different rhythmic units, often found in Eastern European music.

Son clave is a key rhythmic pattern in Cuban music, often in a 2-3 or 3-2 clave form spread out over two measures of 4/4.

Tresillo is a rhythm pattern based on three notes, often a core rhythm in African, Cuban and popular dance music.

Second Line rhythm comes from New Orleans parade music, featuring syncopated and swinging rhythms usually played by brass bands.

Soca rhythm combines elements of calypso with Indian musical instruments, often fast-paced and used for dancing during Caribbean carnivals.

Shuffle rhythm is a swing rhythm where divisions of the beat are played as a long-short triplet pattern, giving a shuffled feel.

Cinquillo is a rhythmic cell of African origin that consists of a five-note pattern, commonly utilized in Caribbean music.

Reggae One Drop rhythm accentuates the third beat of the measure while omitting the first, creating the characteristic feel of reggae music.

Hemiola is a rhythmic pattern where two bars of triple time are articulated as if they were three bars of duple time.

Swing rhythm is found in jazz, where the eighth notes are played with a long-short pattern giving it a 'swung' feel.

Non-retrogradable rhythm is a rhythmic palindrome that reads the same forwards as backwards, used by composer Olivier Messiaen.

Free rhythm can be seen in music that is devoid of a clear or regular beat, often found in Gregorian chant and some modern art music.

Ostinato is a repeated rhythmic pattern throughout a musical piece, creating a sense of continuity and structure.

Quintuple meter has five beats per measure, divided in various ways like 2+3 or 3+2, giving an asymmetric rhythm.

Clave rhythm is a fundamental pattern in Afro-Cuban music that provides the rhythmic backbone and is usually played with two wooden sticks.

Flamenco rhythm, or 'compás', includes various complex meters like 12/8 with specific accents, fundamental in flamenco music.

A fermata indicates that the note or rest should be held longer than its notated value, creating a pause in the rhythmic flow.

Bossa Nova rhythm is based on a samba pattern but played with less emphasis and a more laid-back style, characteristic of bossa nova music.

Cross rhythm is a specific type of polyrhythm where the rhythmic contrast is stark, such as playing 3 against 4.