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Lighting Design Concepts
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Dimmer
Dimmers are devices used to adjust the intensity of light fixtures, gradually changing the illumination level to aid transitions and effects.
Lighting levels
Adjusting lighting levels refers to the manipulation of light intensity across different areas of the stage to shape the environment and focus.
Fill light
Fill light is used to reduce the contrast and shadows created by the key light, providing illumination to areas of the stage that would otherwise be too dark.
Follow spot
Follow spotlights are high-intensity focused lights that can be moved to follow a performer around the stage.
Color theory
Color theory is applied to lighting to create mood, indicate time of day, or enhance the story through the psychological impact of colors.
Gobo
A gobo is a stencil or template placed inside or in front of a light source to control the shape of the emitted light.
Crosslighting
Crosslighting is used to light the stage from opposite sides, adding dimension and emphasizing texture, while reducing shadows.
Motivated light
Motivated lighting imitates natural light sources within the scene, such as sunlight or candlelight, to create a sense of realism.
Texture in lighting
Texture in lighting involves the use of patterns, often through gobos, to create texture on stage surfaces or backdrops.
Fresnel
A Fresnel light is a type of soft-edged spotlight that can be focused and is often used for back and top lighting.
Contrast in lighting
Contrast in lighting refers to the difference in brightness between lit areas and shadows, which can create visual interest and depth.
Backlight
Backlight illuminates the subject from behind, helping to separate the subject from the background and providing a three-dimensional appearance.
Three-point lighting
Three-point lighting is a standard method of lighting a subject from three different angles to fully illuminate the subject and reduce shadows.
Intensity
Intensity refers to the brightness of the light, which can be controlled to set the mood or draw attention to certain elements on stage.
Barn doors
Barn doors are adjustable flaps attached to the front of a light source that control the spread of the light beam and help shape the light.
Key light
The key light is the primary and brightest light source in three-point lighting, used to highlight the form and dimension of the subject.
Ellipsoidal
Ellipsoidal spotlights are a type of hard-edged spotlight that can be shaped and focused precisely, commonly used for gobo projection and highlighting.
Practicals
Practicals are actual lighting fixtures used onstage as part of the set design, which serve both aesthetic and functional roles in the scene.
Lighting cue
A lighting cue is a predetermined change in the lighting that occurs at a specific moment, usually to support a shift in the narrative or a visual transition.
Gel
A gel is a transparent colored material used over a spotlight to change its color, affect mood, or illustrate the time of day in the narrative.
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