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Lighting Design Concepts

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Dimmer

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Dimmers are devices used to adjust the intensity of light fixtures, gradually changing the illumination level to aid transitions and effects.

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Lighting levels

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Adjusting lighting levels refers to the manipulation of light intensity across different areas of the stage to shape the environment and focus.

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Fill light

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Fill light is used to reduce the contrast and shadows created by the key light, providing illumination to areas of the stage that would otherwise be too dark.

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Follow spot

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Follow spotlights are high-intensity focused lights that can be moved to follow a performer around the stage.

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Color theory

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Color theory is applied to lighting to create mood, indicate time of day, or enhance the story through the psychological impact of colors.

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Gobo

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A gobo is a stencil or template placed inside or in front of a light source to control the shape of the emitted light.

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Crosslighting

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Crosslighting is used to light the stage from opposite sides, adding dimension and emphasizing texture, while reducing shadows.

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Motivated light

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Motivated lighting imitates natural light sources within the scene, such as sunlight or candlelight, to create a sense of realism.

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Texture in lighting

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Texture in lighting involves the use of patterns, often through gobos, to create texture on stage surfaces or backdrops.

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Fresnel

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A Fresnel light is a type of soft-edged spotlight that can be focused and is often used for back and top lighting.

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Contrast in lighting

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Contrast in lighting refers to the difference in brightness between lit areas and shadows, which can create visual interest and depth.

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Backlight

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Backlight illuminates the subject from behind, helping to separate the subject from the background and providing a three-dimensional appearance.

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Three-point lighting

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Three-point lighting is a standard method of lighting a subject from three different angles to fully illuminate the subject and reduce shadows.

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Intensity

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Intensity refers to the brightness of the light, which can be controlled to set the mood or draw attention to certain elements on stage.

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Barn doors

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Barn doors are adjustable flaps attached to the front of a light source that control the spread of the light beam and help shape the light.

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Key light

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The key light is the primary and brightest light source in three-point lighting, used to highlight the form and dimension of the subject.

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Ellipsoidal

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Ellipsoidal spotlights are a type of hard-edged spotlight that can be shaped and focused precisely, commonly used for gobo projection and highlighting.

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Practicals

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Practicals are actual lighting fixtures used onstage as part of the set design, which serve both aesthetic and functional roles in the scene.

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Lighting cue

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A lighting cue is a predetermined change in the lighting that occurs at a specific moment, usually to support a shift in the narrative or a visual transition.

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Gel

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A gel is a transparent colored material used over a spotlight to change its color, affect mood, or illustrate the time of day in the narrative.

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