Discover published sets by community

The ZPD refers to the difference between what a learner can do without help and what they can achieve with guidance and encouragement from a skilled partner. For example, a child may learn to solve puzzles that are too difficult when attempted alone but possible with an adult’s assistance.

Scaffolding involves providing support structures to allow the learner to progress. Support is then gradually removed as the learner becomes more proficient. For example, a teacher may initially guide a child in constructing sentences until the child can write independently.

An MKO refers to someone with a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, with respect to a particular task, process, or concept. Examples include a teacher, peer, or parent assisting in the learning process.

This is the theory that suggests that human development is socially situated and knowledge is constructed through interaction with others. In Vygotsky's view, learning is inherently a social process. For example, collaborative group work in a classroom.