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Coral Reef Species

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Diadema antillarum (Long-spined sea urchin)

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Grazes on algae and helps to prevent algal overgrowth on the reef.

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Parrotfish (Family Scaridae)

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Important in bioerosion, helping to maintain a balance between coral and algal populations.

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Gymnothorax funebris (Green moray eel)

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Ambush predator that helps control fish populations and adds to the reef diversity.

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Acropora spp.

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Primary reef builders that create the complex three-dimensional structures.

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Mycedium spp. (Elephant skin coral)

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Provides unique structures for habitat, contributes to reef diversity and complexity.

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Stenopus hispidus (Banded coral shrimp)

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Cleaner shrimp that remove parasites and dead tissue from other organisms.

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Holothuria spp. (Sea cucumbers)

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Detritivores that help recycle nutrients and maintain sediment quality.

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Xenia spp. (Pulsing Xenia)

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Soft coral known for its pulsing movement, adds to the diversity and functionality of reef ecosystems.

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Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)

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Controls sponges on the reef and maintains sponge-coral balance.

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Halimeda spp.

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Green macroalgae that contribute to sediment formation and reef structure through their calcified segments.

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Oculina spp. (Ivory bush coral)

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Branching coral species that form habitat for many marine organisms.

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Millepora spp.

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Fire corals that can cause painful stings, adding a defensive layer to the reef.

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Gorgonia spp. (Sea fans)

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Filter feeders that contribute to water quality and act as habitat for other species.

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Symbiodinium spp.

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Zooxanthellae algae that have a symbiotic relationship with many coral species, critical for energy production through photosynthesis.

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Mollusca spp. (Mollusks)

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Includes grazers, filter feeders, and predators, contributing to nutrient cycling and ecosystem complexity.

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Scarus spp. (Parrotfish)

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Herbivorous fish that play a role in bioerosion and sand production.

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Spongia spp. (Commercial sponges)

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Filter feeders that clean the water and serve as habitat for small creatures.

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Dermochelys coriacea (Leatherback turtle)

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Largest of all living turtles, helps control jellyfish populations which can compete with small fish for zooplankton.

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Dascyllus trimaculatus (Three-spot dascyllus)

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Uses branching corals as a protective habitat, contributing to mutual defense.

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Zooplankton

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Drifters in the water column, serve as food for many reef species, like corals and fish.

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Acanthurus spp. (Surgeonfish)

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Herbivorous fish important for grazing on algae and maintaining the coral-algal balance.

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Epinephelus spp. (Groupers)

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Predatory fish that help control populations of other reef fish, contributing to a healthy reef ecosystem balance.

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Montipora spp.

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Contributor to reef construction, provides habitat for many marine species.

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Cleaner wrasse (Labroides dimidiatus)

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Cleans parasites and dead tissue from other fish, providing health benefits to the community.

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Gramma loreto (Royal gramma)

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Small fish that live within the reef, providing for biodiversity.

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Pomacentrus spp. (Damselfish)

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Territorial fish that can farm algae, affect coral health, and offer diversity to the ecosystem.

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Abudefduf spp. (Sergeant majors)

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Omnivorous fish that help to control algae and small invertebrate populations on the reef.

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Pocillopora spp. (Cauliflower corals)

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Provides intricate structures for various marine organisms, contributing to the reef's architectural diversity.

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Lysmata wurdemanni (Peppermint shrimp)

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Cleaner shrimp that control pests such as the parasitic sea anemones and detritus on the reef.

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Porites spp.

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Builders of massive reef structures and contributors to biodiversity.

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Tridacna spp. (Giant clams)

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Filter feeders and hosts for symbiotic algae, contributing to nutrient cycling and biodiversity.

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Acanthaster planci (Crown-of-thorns starfish)

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Coral predator that can significantly affect coral population dynamics.

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Lobophora variegata

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Algae that can compete with corals for space but also serve as food for some herbivorous species.

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Carcharhinus perezi (Caribbean reef shark)

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Top predator that helps maintain the balance in the reef food web.

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Cetoscarus bicolor (Bicolor parrotfish)

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Another important herbivore for the reef, grazing on algae and preventing overgrowth.

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Chaetodon spp. (Butterflyfish)

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Species often specialized to feed on coral polyps or benthic invertebrates contribute to biological control.

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Hipposcarus longiceps (Pacific parrotfish)

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Herbivore that maintains the algal populations on coral reefs and produces sand.

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Antennarius spp. (Frogfish)

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Camouflaged predators that help maintain the balance of smaller fish populations.

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Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus)

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Predatory fish that help to keep the populations of smaller fish in check, very important for the health of the coral reef.

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Clownfish (Amphiprioninae)

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Symbiotic relationships with anemones provide mutual protection.

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Platygyra spp. (Brain coral)

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Contributes to reef structure and provides shelter and spawning sites for fish and invertebrates.

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Callyspongia spp. (Vase sponge)

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Filter feeders that help with nutrient cycling and provide microhabitats for small reef organisms.

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Pterois spp. (Lionfish)

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Invasive species that predate on smaller fish, altering the native ecosystem balance.

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Echinoidea spp. (Sea urchins)

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Herbivores that help control algae, crucial in preventing algal dominance on reefs.

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Triaenodon obesus (Whitetip reef shark)

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A nocturnal predator that helps to maintain species diversity and population control.

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Turbinaria spp. (Turban corals)

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Contributes to reef structure form and complexity and provides a substrate for other organisms.

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