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A method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent. It allows for precise control over nutrients and is used extensively in greenhouses.

Materials used to cover a greenhouse and can include glass, polycarbonate, and plastic film. These materials influence light transmission, insulation, and durability of the structure.

The physiological reaction of organisms to the length of night or day. In greenhouses, growers can control the light exposure to manipulate plant growth cycles and flowering.

These systems regulate air temperature, humidity, and CO2 levels within the greenhouse using heaters, fans, and venting systems to create an optimal growth environment for plants.

A type of hydroponic system wherein plants are grown in trays temporarily flooded with nutrient solution, which then drains back into a reservoir, allowing the plants to receive nutrients and oxygen.

Materials or techniques used to reduce heat transfer, helping to maintain consistent temperatures inside the greenhouse. Examples include double-layering films and using insulating panels.

Growing mediums used in place of soil such as coconut coir, perlite, rockwool, or peat moss. They aid in root support, aeration, and moisture retention in controlled environments.

Beneficial organisms such as parasites, predators, or pathogens used to control pest populations. It's an environmentally friendly method compared to chemical pesticides.

Artificial lights used to extend the amount of light available to plants, ensuring adequate photosynthesis during shorter daylight periods or in regions with low light levels.

Mechanical or natural systems used to protect plants from excessive sunlight and heat. These can include shade cloths, retractable roof systems, and strategically planted trees.

The practice of growing different plants together for the benefit of one or both. This can help to repel pests or enhance growth and is useful in an organic greenhouse setting.

A highly efficient irrigation method that delivers water directly to the base of each plant through a system of tubes, emitters, and valves. It conserves water and reduces weed growth.

A heating system targeting the area around plant roots, typically using tubes with hot water. This optimizes root temperatures, promoting better growth while saving energy compared to whole greenhouse heating.

Absorbent mats used in greenhouse benches that provide even distribution of water to the pots from below, ensuring consistent moisture levels and reducing water waste.

A type of hydroponic system where a shallow stream of water containing dissolved nutrients is recirculated past the bare roots of plants in a watertight channel.

A system that combines conventional aquaculture with hydroponics in a symbiotic environment. Fish waste provides an organic nutrient source for the plants, and the plants help to purify the water.

The process of creating new plants from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings, bulbs, and other plant parts. Greenhouses create ideal conditions for propagation through temperature and humidity control.

Blankets made of insulating material that can be rolled out over the greenhouse to conserve heat during the night or reflect sunlight during the day, improving energy efficiency.

The injection of fertilizers, used for soil amendments, water amendments or other water-soluble products into an irrigation system. It allows precise management of nutrients and water.

The practice of producing food in vertically stacked layers, such as in a skyscraper, used warehouse, or shipping container. It maximizes space efficiency in a controlled environment.

Elevated platforms or tables in a greenhouse that provide optimal plant spacing and organization, improves air circulation, and can be stationary or rolling for accessibility.

A pest control strategy that uses an array of complementary methods: mechanical, biological, chemical, cultural, and physical control. It aims to minimize pesticide use and environmental impact.

The process of adding CO2 to increase the carbon availability in the greenhouse atmosphere, thereby enhancing photosynthesis and plant growth.

The process of composting using various worms, typically red wigglers, to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast.