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Water Resources Management in Agriculture

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Mulching

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Applying a layer of material on the surface of the soil can reduce evaporation and conserve soil moisture.

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Buffer Strips

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Strips of vegetation planted between fields and water bodies that act as filters for runoff, reducing pollution and erosion.

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Deficit Irrigation

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Applying water below crop water requirements, encouraging deeper root systems and efficient water use without significant yield loss.

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Terracing

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Creating terraces on sloped land to reduce runoff and increase water infiltration, leading to more efficient water use in agriculture.

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Conservation Tillage

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Any method of soil cultivation that leaves the previous year's crop residue on fields to reduce soil erosion and runoff.

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Cover Crops

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Planting certain crops to cover soil, which can prevent evaporation, retain moisture, and reduce the need for irrigation.

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Agroforestry

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Integrating trees and shrubs into crop and animal farming systems to create environmental benefits and more sustainable land use.

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Crop Rotation

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The practice of alternating crops in a field over successive seasons, which can enhance soil structure and moisture retention.

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Salinity Management

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Practices aimed at controlling salt levels in soil to ensure healthy crop growth and prevent water quality degradation.

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Water-wise Crop Selection

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Choosing crop species that require less water or are better adapted to local water availability.

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Controlled Flooding

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Intentional flooding of fields at specific times to promote soil moisture recharge and manage salinity.

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Rainwater Harvesting

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Collection and storage of rainwater for agricultural use, reducing reliance on groundwater and minimizing runoff.

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Drip Irrigation

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A system that delivers water directly to the base of a plant to minimize evaporation losses and promote efficient water use.

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Soil Moisture Sensors

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Instruments used to measure the moisture content in soil, helping to optimize irrigation schedules and conserve water.

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Laser Land Leveling

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Use of laser-guided equipment to level fields, which improves water distribution and reduces water waste in irrigation.

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Irrigation Scheduling

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Using weather data, soil moisture levels, and crop requirements to determine the most effective irrigation times and amounts.

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Subsurface Drip Irrigation

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A type of drip irrigation where the irrigation lines are buried below the soil surface, further reducing evaporation losses.

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Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)

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Deliberately recharging groundwater aquifers with surface water to restore supply and prevent over-extraction.

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Fog Collection

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Capturing water from fog using large nets or other surfaces, which can then be used for irrigation in arid regions where fog is common.

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Artificial Wetlands

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Created or restored wetlands that provide water treatment by filtering out pollutants through natural processes.

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Rainfed Agriculture

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Relying primarily on natural rainfall for crop production, which requires careful crop and variety selection to match local conditions.

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Solar-powered Irrigation

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Using solar energy to power irrigation systems, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and electricity for sustainable water delivery.

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Precision Agriculture

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Using technology such as GPS, sensors, and data analytics to optimize field management and crop farming, including water use.

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Cyclic Flooding

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A practice where fields are intermittently flooded and then dried, which can improve soil structure and increase nutrient availability.

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Greenhouse Farming

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Growing crops inside controlled, sheltered environments to optimize water use and reduce environmental stresses on plants.

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Contour Plowing

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Plowing along the contours of the land to create furrows that trap water and reduce soil erosion.

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Micro-Irrigation

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An irrigation method that involves low-flow water delivery directly to the plant root zone, improving efficiency and reducing waste.

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Desalination for Agriculture

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Process of removing salt from seawater or brackish water to create fresh water suitable for crop irrigation and other agricultural needs.

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Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)

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A comprehensive approach that considers the interconnectivity between water usage in agriculture, communities, and ecosystems.

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Furrow Irrigation

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Method of irrigation where water is run in shallow channels between rows of crops, and infiltration varies along the length of the furrow.

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