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Pick the texture of your paper based on the details and smoothness you desire.

Select the appropriate paper and medium for your intended result.

Avoid overworking an area by building up tones slowly and with a light hand.

Always have a reference image to guide your work for realistic results.

Maintain the texture and character of your drawing by controlling your blending.

Define a consistent light source to ensure realistic shading and shadows.

Use shading, perspective, and foreshortening to create depth.

Enhance realism or interest by including details where necessary.

Take your time in the initial sketching phase to build a solid foundation.

Use the full range of values from light to dark to give your drawing depth.

Use guidelines to ensure accurate proportions.

Give your subjects form by applying a range of values in your shading.

Create a harmonious and engaging composition by balancing the elements in your drawing.

Be consistent with your vanishing points to maintain believable perspective.

Use soft edges and vary line weight to avoid cartoon-like strict outlines.

Plan your composition to guide the viewer’s eye and make your artwork more engaging.

Prevent smudging by using a spare paper under your hand and working from left to right (or right to left if you’re left-handed).