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Renaissance Art 101
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The Baptism of Christ
Painting by Leonardo da Vinci and Andrea del Verrocchio, illustrating the religious scene of Jesus' baptism by John the Baptist.
Contrapposto
A stance often used in sculpture where the human figure stands with most of its weight on one foot, giving the body an S-shaped curve and a sense of movement.
The Ambassadors
Hans Holbein the Younger's painting featuring two diplomats with an array of detailed objects, exemplifying the era's fascination with precision and symbolism.
Grisaille
A style of monochromatic painting in shades of grey, intended to look like sculpture and used in Renaissance art for decorative purposes.
Linear Perspective
Mathematical system for creating the illusion of space and depth on a flat surface, involving a fixed point of view and a horizon line.
The Birth of Venus
Sandro Botticelli’s portrayal of the goddess Venus emerging from the sea, symbolizing beauty and love.
The Vitruvian Man
Leonardo da Vinci's drawing that illustrates the ideal human body proportions as described by architect Vitruvius, exemplifying the blend of art and science.
Primavera
Sandro Botticelli's allegorical painting of the arrival of spring, filled with mythological symbolism.
Sistine Chapel Ceiling
Michelangelo's epic fresco series in the Vatican, depicting Biblical scenes from the Creation to the story of Noah and the Last Judgment.
The Triumph of Galatea
Raphael's fresco showing the sea-nymph Galatea, renowned for its depiction of movement and light-hearted expression of the divine.
Sfumato
A painting technique for softening transitions between colors and tones, used by artists like Leonardo da Vinci to create a smoky effect.
Pieta
Michelangelo's sculpture of the Virgin Mary cradling the dead body of Jesus, renowned for its emotional impact and exquisite detail.
Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci's portrait of Lisa Gherardini, notable for its exquisite detail and enigmatic expression.
Baptistery Doors
Lorenzo Ghiberti's 'Gates of Paradise', which are the eastern doors of the Florence Baptistery, celebrated for their relief sculptures representing biblical scenes.
Fresco
A technique of mural painting upon freshly laid lime plaster, allowing the pigments to merge with the wall surface.
The School of Athens
Raphael's fresco representing philosophy, with depictions of famous Greek philosophers, highlighting mastery in perspective.
Chiaroscuro
An artistic technique that uses strong contrasts between light and dark to give the illusion of volume in modelling three-dimensional objects and the human body.
The Creation of Adam
Michelangelo's fresco on the Sistine Chapel ceiling showcasing the Biblical creation narrative with a dynamic touch of God and Adam.
David
Michelangelo's marble statue exemplifying the Renaissance's focus on anatomical perfection and humanism.
Venus of Urbino
Titian's painting portraying a sensuously reclined woman in her boudoir, an example of the Venetian school's art.
Allegory of the Cave
Plato's philosophical concept often depicted in Renaissance art, signifying mankind’s struggle between the ignorance of illusion and the enlightenment of truth.
Donatello’s David
The first freestanding nude male sculpture made since antiquity, representing the biblical hero with a mix of classical and contemporary influences.
Palazzo
Large and splendid residences or public buildings of Italy during the Renaissance, often exhibiting classical architectural elements.
The Annunciation
Leonardo da Vinci's early painting of the angel Gabriel's announcement to the Virgin Mary, notable for its detailed landscape and graceful figures.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's painting depicting Giovanni Arnolfini and his wife, notable for its use of oil paints and attention to detail.
Humanism
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements, emphasizing the study of classical culture and literature.
Madonna of the Goldfinch
Raphael's painting of the Virgin Mary with Christ Child and John the Baptist, significant for its charm, composed expressions, and harmonious colours.
The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci's depiction of Jesus and his disciples dining, well-known for its perspective and use of space.
Perspective
A technique that allows artists to depict a three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface, giving a sense of depth.
The Battle of San Romano
Paolo Uccello's painting portraying the Florentine victory over Siena, notable for its early use of perspective to depict a complex battle scene.
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