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Musical Notation Symbols

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Natural

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A symbol that cancels out a flat or sharp, returning the note to its original pitch.

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Tenor Clef

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A C clef symbol that indicates the fourth line from the bottom of the staff is middle C. Used for higher trombone, bassoon, and cello parts.

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Quarter Note

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A note symbol with a filled-in notehead and a stem that is held for one beat in common time.

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Alto Clef

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A symbol in which the third line from the bottom of the staff represents middle C. Primarily used for viola music.

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Whole Note

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A note symbol with no stem that is held for four beats in common time.

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Sharp

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A symbol that raises the pitch of a note by one semitone (half step).

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Flat

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A symbol that lowers the pitch of a note by one semitone (half step).

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Treble Clef

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A symbol indicating that the second line from the bottom of the staff represents the G above middle C. Commonly used for higher-pitched instruments and voices.

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Half Note

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A note symbol with an open notehead and a stem that is held for two beats in common time.

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Bass Clef

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A symbol indicating that the fourth line from the bottom of the staff represents the F below middle C. Commonly used for lower-pitched instruments and voices.

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Dal Segno

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An instruction to repeat from the sign (𝄋), often abbreviated as 'D.S.'.

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Staccato

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A dot above or below a note indicating it should be played short and detached.

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Dot (after note)

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A symbol placed after a note that increases the duration of the note by half its original value.

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Crescendo

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A notation symbol indicating that the volume should gradually increase.

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Decrescendo

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A notation symbol indicating that the volume should gradually decrease.

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Eighth Note

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A note symbol with a filled-in notehead, a stem, and one flag that is held for half a beat in common time.

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Repeat Sign

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A symbol indicating a section should be repeated; appears as two dots placed on the staff line, beside a double bar line.

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Arpeggio

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A broken chord where the notes are played in quick succession, rather than simultaneously.

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Forte

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A dynamic marking that indicates to play loud; abbreviated as 'f'.

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Mezzo Piano

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A dynamic marking indicating to play moderately soft; abbreviated as 'mp'.

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Glissando

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A continuous sliding from one pitch to another (a true glissando), or an incidental scale played while moving from one note to another.

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Sixteenth Note

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A note symbol with a filled-in notehead, a stem, and two flags that is held for a quarter of a beat in common time.

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Mezzo Forte

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A dynamic marking indicating to play moderately loud; abbreviated as 'mf'.

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Segno

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A sign marking a place to which a musician should jump when directed (usually by 'D.S.'). The segno symbol looks like a stylized 'S' with a slash and two dots.

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Double Sharp

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A symbol that raises the pitch of a note by two semitones (a whole step); resembles an 'x'.

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Slur

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A curved line connecting two or more different notes, indicating they should be played legato, or smoothly connected.

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Fermata

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A symbol placed above a note or rest indicating it should be held longer than its normal duration.

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Da Capo

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An instruction to repeat from the beginning of a piece, often abbreviated as 'D.C.'.

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Accent

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A small mark placed above or below a note indicating it should be emphasized or played forcefully.

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Trill

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A rapid alternation between two adjacent notes, usually a semitone or tone apart.

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Double Flat

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A symbol that lowers the pitch of a note by two semitones (a whole step); resembles two flats combined.

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Time Signature

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A numeric symbol at the beginning of a piece or section that indicates the number of beats in a measure and the note value that gets one beat.

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Sforzando

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A sudden and strong accent on a note or chord, often abbreviated as 'sfz' or 'sf'.

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Tie

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A curved line that connects two notes of the same pitch, indicating that they should be played as one sustained note.

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Piano

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A dynamic marking that indicates to play softly; abbreviated as 'p'.

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Key Signature

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A set of sharps or flats at the beginning of a staff indicating the key of the music.

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Coda

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A concluding passage or section of a piece of music, which may be indicated by a special symbol (circle with a crosshair).

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