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Stage Lighting Terms
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Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight
A type of spotlight with an ellipsoidal reflector, used to project sharp focused light. Often employed for highlighting and gobo projections.
Fresnel Lantern
A lighting fixture with a stepped, concentric lens that produces a soft-edged beam. Commonly used for back and top lighting.
Parabolic Aluminized Reflector Light (PAR Can)
A robust, simple fixture that contains a PAR lamp, producing a highly concentrated beam with little spill.
Gobo
A stencil placed in front of a light source to shape the emitted light or project a pattern.
Barn Doors
Adjustable flaps attached to the front of a light fixture, used to shape and direct the light beam.
Gel
A thin sheet of colored plastic used in lighting to change the color or quality of the light beam.
Dimmer
An electronic device that controls the intensity of a lighting fixture by varying the voltage supplied to it.
Intelligent Lighting
Advanced lighting fixtures that can be remotely controlled, often capable of moving and changing colors or gobos.
Key Light
The primary source of light in a lighting design, typically positioned to highlight the form and dimension of the subject.
Fill Light
Supplementary lighting used to reduce shadow contrast created by the key light, ensuring more uniform illumination.
Back Light
Lighting placed behind a subject to create depth and separate them from the background, enhancing the three-dimensional look.
DMX (Digital Multiplex)
A digital communication network used for controlling stage lighting and effects, allowing multiple channels to be controlled.
Followspot
A high-intensity spotlight with a focused beam, operated by a person to follow a performer around the stage.
Lighting Console
A device used to control the outputs to lighting instruments in a performance, capable of sophisticated cues and adjustments.
Lighting Cue
A predetermined change in the lighting at a specific time during a show, often marked in scripts for precision.
Blackout
A lighting cue where all stage lights are turned off to create a complete absence of light on stage.
Cyclorama
A large curtain or wall, often curved, positioned at the back of the stage used to create a background and lit to create various effects.
Side Lighting
Lighting coming from the side of the stage, used to sculpt the actors and enhance their form.
Ground Row
A horizontal lighting fixture placed on the floor, typically used for lighting cycloramas or backdrops.
Color Temperature
The hue of a light source, measured in Kelvin, indicating the warmth or coolness of the light.
Focus
Adjusting the clarity and sharpness of the light beam from a fixture, aiming it to the desired area on stage.
Scoop Light
A simple lighting instrument with a half-sphere shaped reflector, used for creating broad washes of light.
Haze Machine
A device that produces a fine mist in the air to enhance the visibility of light beams and create atmosphere.
Strobe Light
A high-intensity light that produces bright, short flashes, often used for special effects or to simulate lightning.
GO Button
The control on a lighting console used to execute the next lighting cue, progressing through the programmed show sequence.
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