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Stage Lighting Terms

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Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight

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A type of spotlight with an ellipsoidal reflector, used to project sharp focused light. Often employed for highlighting and gobo projections.

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Fresnel Lantern

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A lighting fixture with a stepped, concentric lens that produces a soft-edged beam. Commonly used for back and top lighting.

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Parabolic Aluminized Reflector Light (PAR Can)

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A robust, simple fixture that contains a PAR lamp, producing a highly concentrated beam with little spill.

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Gobo

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A stencil placed in front of a light source to shape the emitted light or project a pattern.

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Barn Doors

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Adjustable flaps attached to the front of a light fixture, used to shape and direct the light beam.

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Gel

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A thin sheet of colored plastic used in lighting to change the color or quality of the light beam.

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Dimmer

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An electronic device that controls the intensity of a lighting fixture by varying the voltage supplied to it.

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Intelligent Lighting

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Advanced lighting fixtures that can be remotely controlled, often capable of moving and changing colors or gobos.

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Key Light

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The primary source of light in a lighting design, typically positioned to highlight the form and dimension of the subject.

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Fill Light

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Supplementary lighting used to reduce shadow contrast created by the key light, ensuring more uniform illumination.

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Back Light

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Lighting placed behind a subject to create depth and separate them from the background, enhancing the three-dimensional look.

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DMX (Digital Multiplex)

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A digital communication network used for controlling stage lighting and effects, allowing multiple channels to be controlled.

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Followspot

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A high-intensity spotlight with a focused beam, operated by a person to follow a performer around the stage.

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Lighting Console

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A device used to control the outputs to lighting instruments in a performance, capable of sophisticated cues and adjustments.

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Lighting Cue

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A predetermined change in the lighting at a specific time during a show, often marked in scripts for precision.

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Blackout

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A lighting cue where all stage lights are turned off to create a complete absence of light on stage.

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Cyclorama

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A large curtain or wall, often curved, positioned at the back of the stage used to create a background and lit to create various effects.

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Side Lighting

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Lighting coming from the side of the stage, used to sculpt the actors and enhance their form.

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Ground Row

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A horizontal lighting fixture placed on the floor, typically used for lighting cycloramas or backdrops.

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Color Temperature

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The hue of a light source, measured in Kelvin, indicating the warmth or coolness of the light.

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Focus

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Adjusting the clarity and sharpness of the light beam from a fixture, aiming it to the desired area on stage.

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Scoop Light

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A simple lighting instrument with a half-sphere shaped reflector, used for creating broad washes of light.

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Haze Machine

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A device that produces a fine mist in the air to enhance the visibility of light beams and create atmosphere.

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Strobe Light

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A high-intensity light that produces bright, short flashes, often used for special effects or to simulate lightning.

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GO Button

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The control on a lighting console used to execute the next lighting cue, progressing through the programmed show sequence.

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