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Film Editing Techniques
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Wipe
A wipe is an editing effect where one shot 'wipes' across the frame to replace another shot, creating a strong visual division.
Fade In/Fade Out
Fading in gradually lightens a shot from black, while fading out gradually darkens the shot to black, signaling the beginning or end of a scene.
Cross-Dissolve
A cross-dissolve is when two shots overlap with one fading out as the other fades in; used to signify a relation or transition between scenes.
Match on Action
Match on action is a continuity editing technique that shows the continuation of a character's or object's motion through two different shots.
Jump Cut
A jump cut is an edit that creates a jump in time or space, giving the effect of moving forward. Often used to show the passage of time.
Flashback/Flashforward
Flashbacks and flashforwards are techniques used to take the story back or forward in time, respectively, often to reveal background information or future events.
Match Cut
A match cut is an edit that links two shots by visually matching the action or subject matter, creating a sense of continuity.
Dissolve
A dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another, often used to signify the passage of time or to create a soft blend between scenes.
Invisible Cut
An invisible cut hides the edit point to give the illusion of a single continuous shot, often using movement or objects in the frame as transition points.
Split Screen
Split screen shows two or more actions or subjects simultaneously on different parts of the screen, which may or may not be related.
L-Cut
An L-cut occurs when the audio from the preceding scene continues to play over the shot from the following scene, linking them together.
Cutaway
A cutaway is a shot that interrupts a continuous action, showing something related or unrelated to add information or visual interest.
Cut on Action
Cutting on action involves editing at the point when a subject is moving to create a more seamless transition and maintain continuity.
Slow Motion
Slow motion is the technique of showing footage at a slower speed than it was originally shot, emphasizing action or creating a dramatic effect.
Cross-Cutting
Cross-cutting, or parallel editing, alternates shots from two sequences taking place at different locations to suggest simultaneous action.
Cut-In
Cut-in is a closer shot of something seen in the main scene, like a detail of a person or an object, to draw attention to it.
Smash Cut
A smash cut is a sudden cut from one scene to another for a dramatic effect, often used to surprise or shock the audience.
Rack Focus
Rack focus is a technique that involves changing the focus of the lens during a shot to direct the audience's attention from one subject to another.
Montage
A montage is a series of short shots edited into a sequence to condense space, time, and information for narrative purposes.
J-Cut
A J-cut is the opposite of an L-cut, where the audio from the next scene comes in before the visual transition, building anticipation or context.
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