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Known for the theory of Montage, particularly 'Intellectual Montage', director of 'Battleship Potemkin'.

Considered the first to treat the aesthetics of film with philosophical rigor, wrote 'The Aesthetics and Psychology of Cinema'.

Known for her witty, biting film criticism and opposition to the auteur theory.

Introduced the concept of the 'Male Gaze', author of 'Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema'.

Coined the term 'Cinema of Attractions' to describe early silent films.

Philosopher who contributed to film theory, known for concepts such as the 'movement-image' and 'time-image' in his books 'Cinema 1' and 'Cinema 2'.

Critiqued psychoanalytic film theory and developed a philosophy of art that rejected the notion of a grand theory.

Pioneered semiotics in film, known for works like 'Film Language'.

Applied psychoanalytic theory, particularly Lacanian concepts, to film criticism.

Developed theories of cinematic realism, argued for the 'ontology' of the photographic image, founder of Cahiers du Cinéma.

Emphasized cinema as a reflection of reality, author of 'From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film'.

Known for his work on film narrative and style, introducing concepts like 'classical Hollywood cinema'.

Contributed to film theory through his work as a filmmaker in the French New Wave, championed auteur theory.

Championed the auteur theory in the United States, wrote 'The American Cinema: Directors and Directions'.

Pioneered the field of 'body genres' (horror, melodrama, pornography), wrote 'Hard Core: Power, Pleasure, and the 'Frenzy of the Visible''.

Examined how new media technologies affect human perception and social identity, wrote 'Virtual Memory: Time-Based Art and the Dream of Digitality'.

Known for phenomenological approach to film theory, wrote 'The Address of the Eye: A Phenomenology of Film Experience'.

Famous for the Kuleshov Effect, a film editing effect demonstrating the power of juxtaposition.

Explored representations of race, sexuality, and star image in film, known for his work 'Stars' and 'White'.