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This method captures images of exoplanets directly by blocking out the starlight, a process known as coronagraphy. Sophisticated optics and image processing are used to separate the light of the planet from that of the star. 'HR 8799b' is an example of an exoplanet discovered through direct imaging, notable for its young, massive nature and wide orbit.

This technique measures variations in the speed at which a star moves towards or away from Earth, influenced by the gravitational pull of an orbiting exoplanet. By observing Doppler shifts in the star's spectral lines, scientists can estimate an exoplanet's mass and orbit. One of the first exoplanets discovered, '51 Pegasi b', was found using this method.

This method relies on the gravitational lens effect, where the gravity of a star (and its exoplanet) passes in front of a more distant star, acts as a lens, magnifying and bending its light. The resulting light curve provides information about the presence of an exoplanet. 'OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb' is an exoplanet discovered with this technique, noted for its cold and low-mass characteristics.

This oldest method of exoplanet detection measures the tiny wobbles in a star's position in the sky, resulting from the gravitational tug of an orbiting exoplanet. This subtle motion can reveal the planet's existence and provide details on its mass and orbit. An example of a potential exoplanet discovered using this method is 'Vulcan', around the star 40 Eridani A, though it remains unconfirmed.