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Landmark Events in Space Exploration

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1981 - First Space Shuttle Launch

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The Space Shuttle Columbia was the first space shuttle to fly into space. It launched on April 12, 1981.

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2021 - James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Launch

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The JWST, the most powerful space telescope ever built, was launched to study the universe's history from the Big Bang to the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets.

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2021 - Perseverance Rover Mars Landing

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The Mars 2020 mission, with the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter, landed to seek signs of habitable conditions and past microbial life.

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2020 - Return of Human Spaceflight from US Soil

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SpaceX Crew Dragon Demo-2 mission successfully transported astronauts to the ISS from US soil for the first time since the Shuttle era.

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1977 - Voyagers 1 and 2 Launch

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NASA launched the Voyager twin spacecraft to explore the outer planets. They have since left the solar system.

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1990 - Hubble Space Telescope Launch

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The Hubble Space Telescope was launched into low Earth orbit and has provided some of the most detailed images of distant galaxies and celestial phenomena.

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2004 - Spirit and Opportunity Mars Rovers Land on Mars

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NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER), Spirit and Opportunity, landed on Mars to explore the surface and geology.

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2022 - DART Mission Impact

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NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission successfully impacted the moonlet of the binary asteroid system Didymos to test asteroid deflection techniques.

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2012 - Curiosity Rover Mars Landing

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NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission's rover, Curiosity, landed on Mars to study the Red Planet's climate and geology.

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2015 - New Horizons Pluto Flyby

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NASA's New Horizons spacecraft performed a historic flyby of Pluto, providing the first high-resolution images of its surface.

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2006 - Pluto Reclassification

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The International Astronomical Union (IAU) reclassified Pluto from a planet to a dwarf planet.

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1957 - Launch of Sputnik 1

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Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union, was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth.

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1961 - First Human in Space

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Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet astronaut, became the first human to journey into outer space and orbit the Earth.

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2016 - Juno Enters Jupiter's Orbit

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NASA's Juno spacecraft began orbiting Jupiter to study its composition, gravity field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere.

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2019 - First Image of a Black Hole

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The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) captured the first-ever image of a black hole's event horizon, located in the M87 galaxy.

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1969 - Apollo 11 Moon Landing

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Apollo 11 mission successfully landed the first humans on the Moon. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the lunar surface.

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1998 - International Space Station (ISS) First Module Launch

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The first module of the ISS, Zarya, was launched, marking the start of the largest synthetic structure in space.

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2018 - Falcon Heavy Test Flight

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SpaceX's Falcon Heavy, the most powerful operational rocket by a factor of two, successfully completed its test flight.

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2022 - Artemis I Mission

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NASA's uncrewed Artemis I mission was the first integrated test of the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft, aimed toward a crewed lunar landing.

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2023 - First Crewed Artemis Mission

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Artemis II is planned to be the first crewed mission of NASA's Artemis program, set to perform a lunar flyby and return to Earth.

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