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Landmark Events in Space Exploration
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1981 - First Space Shuttle Launch
The Space Shuttle Columbia was the first space shuttle to fly into space. It launched on April 12, 1981.
2021 - James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Launch
The JWST, the most powerful space telescope ever built, was launched to study the universe's history from the Big Bang to the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets.
2021 - Perseverance Rover Mars Landing
The Mars 2020 mission, with the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter, landed to seek signs of habitable conditions and past microbial life.
2020 - Return of Human Spaceflight from US Soil
SpaceX Crew Dragon Demo-2 mission successfully transported astronauts to the ISS from US soil for the first time since the Shuttle era.
1977 - Voyagers 1 and 2 Launch
NASA launched the Voyager twin spacecraft to explore the outer planets. They have since left the solar system.
1990 - Hubble Space Telescope Launch
The Hubble Space Telescope was launched into low Earth orbit and has provided some of the most detailed images of distant galaxies and celestial phenomena.
2004 - Spirit and Opportunity Mars Rovers Land on Mars
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER), Spirit and Opportunity, landed on Mars to explore the surface and geology.
2022 - DART Mission Impact
NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission successfully impacted the moonlet of the binary asteroid system Didymos to test asteroid deflection techniques.
2012 - Curiosity Rover Mars Landing
NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission's rover, Curiosity, landed on Mars to study the Red Planet's climate and geology.
2015 - New Horizons Pluto Flyby
NASA's New Horizons spacecraft performed a historic flyby of Pluto, providing the first high-resolution images of its surface.
2006 - Pluto Reclassification
The International Astronomical Union (IAU) reclassified Pluto from a planet to a dwarf planet.
1957 - Launch of Sputnik 1
Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union, was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth.
1961 - First Human in Space
Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet astronaut, became the first human to journey into outer space and orbit the Earth.
2016 - Juno Enters Jupiter's Orbit
NASA's Juno spacecraft began orbiting Jupiter to study its composition, gravity field, magnetic field, and polar magnetosphere.
2019 - First Image of a Black Hole
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) captured the first-ever image of a black hole's event horizon, located in the M87 galaxy.
1969 - Apollo 11 Moon Landing
Apollo 11 mission successfully landed the first humans on the Moon. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walked on the lunar surface.
1998 - International Space Station (ISS) First Module Launch
The first module of the ISS, Zarya, was launched, marking the start of the largest synthetic structure in space.
2018 - Falcon Heavy Test Flight
SpaceX's Falcon Heavy, the most powerful operational rocket by a factor of two, successfully completed its test flight.
2022 - Artemis I Mission
NASA's uncrewed Artemis I mission was the first integrated test of the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft, aimed toward a crewed lunar landing.
2023 - First Crewed Artemis Mission
Artemis II is planned to be the first crewed mission of NASA's Artemis program, set to perform a lunar flyby and return to Earth.
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