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Anthropogenic Radio Frequency Interference

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Aircraft Radar Systems

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Aircraft radar systems can interfere with radio astronomy when planes are in the line of sight of telescopes. Dynamic scheduling of observations can help mitigate this.

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Electrical Appliances

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Common electrical appliances can produce RF noise. Implementing 'electromagnetic cleanliness' protocols for electronics around observatories is a mitigation measure.

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Industrial Equipment

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Heavy industrial machinery and tools can cause broadband interference. Industrial zones are typically kept far from radio observatories to mitigate this problem.

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Microwave Ovens

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Microwave oven leakage can interfere with radio astronomy observations, especially in the 2.4 GHz range. Observatory sites are equipped with RF monitoring to prevent interference.

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Vehicles and Engine Ignition Systems

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The ignition systems of vehicles can create broadband RF interference. Ensuring vehicle-free zones around radio telescopes is a common mitigation strategy.

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Cell Towers

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Cell towers emit strong signals in the RF spectrum, which can cause interference in radio telescopes. Mitigation includes implementing exclusion zones and RF shielding.

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Satellites

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Satellite transmissions, especially those for communication or GPS, can interfere with radio observations. Using directional antennas that reject off-axis signals can help.

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Wireless Network Devices

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Wi-Fi and other wireless devices operate in frequencies that can interfere with those used for radio astronomy. Radio quiet zones can be established to mitigate this interference.

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Commercial Radio/TV Broadcasts

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Commercial broadcasts can bleed into adjacent frequencies. Notch filters can be used to mitigate this type of interference.

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Power Lines

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Power lines can generate low-frequency interference. Burying power lines and using twisted-pair cabling are standard mitigation approaches.

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