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History of Radio Astronomy
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The Green Bank Telescope (GBT)
The GBT, located in West Virginia, USA, is the world's largest fully steerable radio telescope, and it is instrumental in various research areas, including pulsar timing and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
Grote Reber
Grote Reber was an amateur radio operator and astrophysicist who built the first purpose-built radio telescope in 1937, and conducted the first sky survey in the radio frequencies.
Pulsars
Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that emit beams of radio radiation detectable as regular pulses when they sweep across the Earth. They were first discovered in 1967 by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish.
The Very Large Array (VLA)
The Very Large Array, located in New Mexico, USA, is a radio astronomy observatory completed in 1980 that consists of 27 antennas in a Y-shaped configuration and provides high-resolution radio imaging.
The Discovery of Quasars
Quasars, or quasi-stellar radio sources, were discovered in 1963 as highly luminous objects that were found to be extremely distant, leading to fundamental insights into the nature of the universe.
The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
The CMB was accidentally discovered in 1965 by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson as a faint cosmic background noise, providing evidence for the Big Bang theory.
Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs)
Fast Radio Bursts are mysterious and intense bursts of radio waves of extragalactic origin, first recognized as a distinct phenomenon in 2007, with origins still largely unknown.
The Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) Observations
IPS observations, which involve using radio telescopes to detect the twinkling of radio sources caused by the solar wind, were crucial in the early identification and studies of quasars.
The First Radio Galaxies
Radio galaxies were first identified in the 1950s as extragalactic sources of strong radio emissions, often associated with giant elliptical galaxies and active galactic nuclei.
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)
The EHT is a global network of radio telescopes that work together to form an Earth-sized virtual telescope, which in 2019 captured the first image of a black hole's event horizon in the galaxy M87.
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA)
The SKA is an international effort to build the world's largest radio telescope, with receivers spread across multiple countries, intended to answer key questions in cosmology, physics, and astronomy.
The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
ALMA, located in Chile, is a state-of-the-art telescope array operating at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths and has been operational since 2011, taking part in key discoveries about star formation and the early universe.
Karl Jansky
Karl Jansky was an American physicist and radio engineer who in 1933 discovered radio waves emanating from the Milky Way, which marked the birth of radio astronomy.
The Wow! Signal
The Wow! Signal was a strong narrowband radio signal received in 1977 by the Big Ear radio telescope, which has been speculated to have been of extraterrestrial origin due to its unexpected intensity and characteristics.
The Hydrogen Line (21cm Line)
The hydrogen line, or 21 cm line, was predicted in 1944 by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van de Hulst and later observed in 1951, providing a new way to map the galaxy and measure its structure.
Project Ozma
Project Ozma, led by astronomer Frank Drake in 1960, was the first attempt to detect possible signs of extraterrestrial intelligent life by examining signals from distant stars.
The Jodrell Bank Observatory
Founded in 1945 by Bernard Lovell, the Jodrell Bank Observatory in the UK became a leading radio astronomy center with the construction of the large Lovell Telescope in 1957.
The Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST)
MOST, located in Australia, is a radio telescope that uses the aperture synthesis technique to observe wide fields of the sky, contributing significantly to surveys of radio sources and the study of supernova remnants.
The Parkes Radio Telescope
The Parkes Radio Telescope, located in Australia and operational since 1961, played a crucial role in broadcasting live television of the Apollo 11 moon landing and continues to contribute to astronomy research.
The Arecibo Message
The Arecibo Message was a 1974 interstellar radio message carrying basic information about humanity and Earth sent to globular star cluster M13, demonstrating the capabilities of the Arecibo radio telescope.
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