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GBT is the world's largest fully steerable radio telescope. Its unblocked aperture and high surface accuracy allow for observations across a wide range of frequencies.

The VLA consists of 27 radio antennas in a Y-shaped configuration that enables astronomers to observe celestial objects with high resolution. It revolutionized radio observations with its capability to make detailed images of astronomical objects.

ALMA is an array of high precision antennas that observe the universe in millimeter/submillimeter wavelengths, allowing the study of the cold universe, including the formation of stars and planets.

Though originally developed for optical telescopes, adaptive optics systems can be adapted for radio telescopes to correct for atmospheric distortion and improve image resolution.

VLBI is a type of interferometry that uses telescopes spaced far apart to achieve very high angular resolution and can be used to make precision measurements of the positions of celestial objects.

Observing the 21-cm hydrogen line allows astronomers to map the distribution and velocity of hydrogen in the galaxy, crucial for understanding galactic structure and evolution.

LOFAR is a network of thousands of small antennas distributed across Europe, designed to observe at low radio frequencies. It enables studies of cosmic rays, magnetic fields, and the Epoch of Reionization.

FFT spectrometers quickly analyze the frequency spectrum of radio signals, allowing astronomers to study the composition and velocity of celestial objects.

Radio polarimetry measures the polarization of radio waves, offering insights into the magnetic fields and physical conditions in astronomical objects, like the interstellar medium.

SKA is an international effort to build the world's largest radio telescope, with over a square kilometre of collecting area. It will enable astrophysicists to probe the early universe and test the fundamental laws of physics.

Advanced digital signal processing in radio astronomy involves real-time data analysis to filter and process astronomical signals, significantly enhancing the quality and speed of data acquisition.

Radio interferometry involves combining the signals from multiple radio telescopes to simulate a larger aperture, resulting in much higher resolution images of the radio sky.

Pulsar timing arrays use the regular radio pulses from multiple millisecond pulsars to detect gravitational waves and study the properties of space-time.

Aperture synthesis is used by radio interferometers to combine data from multiple antennas and create images of the sky with an effective resolution of a much larger telescope.