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Environmental Law for Businesses
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Flashcards
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Clean Air Act (CAA)
Businesses must invest in pollution control technologies to meet emissions standards, potentially increasing operational costs.
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Companies may face restrictions on wastewater discharge, requiring treatment facilities or process alterations.
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Firms dealing with hazardous waste must handle, store, and dispose of it properly, which might require special training and equipment.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund)
Businesses may be liable for cleanup costs of contaminated sites, including those they did not contaminate.
Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Development plans could be affected if endangered species are found on a business's land, leading to potential project modifications or delays.
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
Significant federal projects involving businesses must undergo environmental impact assessments, possibly increasing project time and cost.
Energy Policy Act
Companies may be incentivized to invest in energy-efficient technologies or renewable energy sources via grants or tax credits.
Greenhouse Gas Regulations
Firms may have to monitor and reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, which could involve changes to operations or facilities.
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
Businesses must report, record, and test chemicals produced or imported, potentially affecting product formulations and supply chains.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) environmental directives
Employers need to create safe working environments in relation to environmental hazards, which may require safety programs and training.
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
Companies that produce or sell pesticides must ensure products are registered and properly labeled, which may impact product development and marketing.
Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards
Automobile manufacturers must improve the average fuel efficiency of their fleets, potentially influencing vehicle design and production costs.
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA or Ocean Dumping Act)
Businesses must avoid ocean dumping or obtain a permit, which could impact waste disposal practices and costs.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act environmental disclosures
Publicly traded companies must disclose environmental liabilities, potentially affecting investor relations and stock performance.
Environmental Marketing Claims (Green Claims)
Businesses must substantiate environmental claims in marketing to avoid fines and reputational damage from 'greenwashing'.
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