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International Trade Laws Overview

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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

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The GATT is a foundational treaty for international trade that aimed to reduce tariffs and other trade barriers. Significance includes setting the stage for the World Trade Organization.

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The World Trade Organization (WTO)

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The WTO is an international body that regulates international trade. It operates a system of trade rules and settles disputes between its members.

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The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

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NAFTA was a trade deal between the US, Canada, and Mexico that aimed to eliminate trade barriers. Significance includes increasing regional trade and investments.

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The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)

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USMCA is the updated trade agreement replacing NAFTA, including modern provisions for digital trade and stronger labor rights.

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The European Union (EU) Single Market

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The EU Single Market operates as a single territory without any internal borders or regulatory obstacles to the free movement of goods and services.

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Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)

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TRIPS is an international legal agreement under the WTO that sets down minimum standards for many forms of intellectual property regulation.

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International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)

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The ICC is a private international organization that promotes open international trade and helps resolve trade disputes.

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The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)

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The CPTPP is a trade agreement among Pacific Rim countries that reduces tariffs and sets trade rules, with a goal to facilitate economic integration.

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The Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA)

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CEFTA is a trade agreement among non-EU countries in Central and Eastern Europe to expand trade and promote economic stability.

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The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)

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AfCFTA is a trade agreement among African Union nations to create a single market for goods and services, with free movement of business persons and investments.

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The Mercosur Trade Bloc

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Mercosur is a South American trade bloc that includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay (and Venezuela suspended), aimed at promoting free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency.

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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Free Trade Area

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The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is an agreement by the Southeast Asian nations aiming to increase ASEAN's competitive edge as a production base geared for the world market.

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The Anti-Dumping Agreement

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The Anti-Dumping Agreement under GATT and now the WTO stipulates how member countries can take action against dumping in order to protect their domestic industries.

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The Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)

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WTO's TFA aims to expedite the movement, release, and clearance of goods across borders. It includes measures for effective cooperation between customs and other relevant authorities.

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The Information Technology Agreement (ITA)

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The ITA is an agreement enforced by the WTO that aims to lower all taxes and tariffs on information technology products by signatory countries.

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