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International Trade Laws Overview
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The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
The GATT is a foundational treaty for international trade that aimed to reduce tariffs and other trade barriers. Significance includes setting the stage for the World Trade Organization.
The World Trade Organization (WTO)
The WTO is an international body that regulates international trade. It operates a system of trade rules and settles disputes between its members.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
NAFTA was a trade deal between the US, Canada, and Mexico that aimed to eliminate trade barriers. Significance includes increasing regional trade and investments.
The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)
USMCA is the updated trade agreement replacing NAFTA, including modern provisions for digital trade and stronger labor rights.
The European Union (EU) Single Market
The EU Single Market operates as a single territory without any internal borders or regulatory obstacles to the free movement of goods and services.
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
TRIPS is an international legal agreement under the WTO that sets down minimum standards for many forms of intellectual property regulation.
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
The ICC is a private international organization that promotes open international trade and helps resolve trade disputes.
The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)
The CPTPP is a trade agreement among Pacific Rim countries that reduces tariffs and sets trade rules, with a goal to facilitate economic integration.
The Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA)
CEFTA is a trade agreement among non-EU countries in Central and Eastern Europe to expand trade and promote economic stability.
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)
AfCFTA is a trade agreement among African Union nations to create a single market for goods and services, with free movement of business persons and investments.
The Mercosur Trade Bloc
Mercosur is a South American trade bloc that includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay (and Venezuela suspended), aimed at promoting free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency.
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Free Trade Area
The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) is an agreement by the Southeast Asian nations aiming to increase ASEAN's competitive edge as a production base geared for the world market.
The Anti-Dumping Agreement
The Anti-Dumping Agreement under GATT and now the WTO stipulates how member countries can take action against dumping in order to protect their domestic industries.
The Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA)
WTO's TFA aims to expedite the movement, release, and clearance of goods across borders. It includes measures for effective cooperation between customs and other relevant authorities.
The Information Technology Agreement (ITA)
The ITA is an agreement enforced by the WTO that aims to lower all taxes and tariffs on information technology products by signatory countries.
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