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Laws designed to promote fair competition for the benefit of consumers, by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies.

A market structure characterized by a single seller, selling a unique product in the market with no close substitutes.

A market structure in which a few firms dominate the market and have the ability to influence market prices and decisions.

An agreement between competing firms to control prices or exclude entry of a new competitor in a market.

The combination of two or more companies into a single corporate entity, with one company often absorbing the other.

A merger occurring between companies in the same industry, often competitors, which produce the same product or service.

A merger between companies that operate at different levels within an industry's supply chain.

The percentage of a market controlled by a particular company, indicating the company's power in the market.

The act of setting prices low in an attempt to eliminate the competition and create a monopoly in the market.

An illegal practice where competing companies agree to set a common price for their products or services.

Obstacles that make it difficult for a company to enter a particular market, like capital requirements or economies of scale.

A practice in which a seller requires the purchase of additional goods or services in connection to the sale of a primary product.

An agreement in which a retailer or wholesaler is 'tied' to purchasing exclusively from a supplier.

An agreement between competitors to split up markets, either by geography or by customer type, to avoid competing with each other.

When a dominant firm in a market engages in practices that seek to eliminate or restrict competition unfairly.

The market in which a particular company operates and competes, defined by both the product market and geographic market.

A United States federal law that prohibits anticompetitive practices by producers, specifically price discrimination.