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Script Elements
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INT.
INT. stands for 'interior' and is used at the start of a scene heading to indicate that the action is taking place inside a location.
EXT.
EXT. stands for 'exterior' and is used at the start of a scene heading to indicate that the action is taking place outside a location.
FADE IN:
FADE IN: is a transition that marks the beginning of a script, indicating that the screen should transition from black to the first scene.
FADE OUT.
FADE OUT. signifies the end of a scene or the entire script by transitioning to a black screen.
CUT TO:
CUT TO: is a simple transition that indicates a direct cut from one scene to another and is often used to move the story forward.
DISSOLVE TO:
DISSOLVE TO: indicates a slow transition where one scene gradually merges into the next, often used to suggest the passage of time.
SUPER:
SUPER: stands for 'superimpose' and indicates text or an image that is overlaid on the screen on top of the scene.
V.O.
V.O. stands for 'voice-over' and is used to denote narration by someone not seen on screen, often providing additional information or commentary.
O.S.
O.S. stands for 'off-screen' and is used to indicate dialogue from a character not currently visible in the scene.
CONT'D
CONT'D (continued) is used when the same character continues speaking across a cut or interruption, indicating that their dialogue is ongoing.
MONTAGE
A MONTAGE is a sequence of shots showing a condensed series of events, often used to convey a passage of time or a complex action simply.
SERIES OF SHOTS
A SERIES OF SHOTS is similar to a montage but typically refers to a short, related sequence of scenes that follow each other directly.
INTERCUT
INTERCUT is a script device used to alternate between two or more scenes that are occurring simultaneously but in different locations.
P.O.V.
P.O.V. stands for 'point of view' and is used to show the audience the scene from a particular character's visual perspective.
ANGLE ON
ANGLE ON describes a specific camera angle on a particular element or character in the scene, guiding the viewer's focus.
MATCH CUT
A MATCH CUT is a cut from one shot to another where the two shots are matched by action or subject matter, often used to make a thematic or symbolic connection.
JUMP CUT
A JUMP CUT is an abrupt cut that creates a jarring transition between two shots, often used to show the passage of time or to create a disorienting effect.
BEAT
A BEAT in a screenplay indicates a slight pause in dialogue or action, often used to enhance the dramatic effect or to allow a moment for the character to think.
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