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Data Mining Techniques

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Classification

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A technique that assigns each item in a dataset to one of a predefined set of categories or classes. Commonly used in spam filtering.

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Support Vector Machines (SVM)

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A supervised learning model with associated learning algorithms that analyze data for classification and regression. Works well for complex but small- or medium-sized datasets.

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Decision Trees

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A decision support tool that uses a tree-like graph or model of decisions and their possible consequences. Used in data mining for deriving a strategy to reach a goal.

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Clustering

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A method of grouping a set of objects in a way that objects in the same group (cluster) are more similar to each other than to those in other groups. Used in market segmentation.

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Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

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A statistical procedure that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables.

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Ensemble Methods

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Techniques that create multiple models and then combine them to produce improved results. Used extensively in competitions like Kaggle.

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Neural Networks

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A set of algorithms modeled loosely after the human brain that are designed to recognize patterns. Used in image and speech recognition.

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Association Rule Learning

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Focuses on discovering interesting relationships between variables in large databases, like the 'market basket analysis'.

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Regression

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It attempts to model the relationship between two or more features by fitting a linear or non-linear equation to observed data. Used in forecasting and predicting continuous values.

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Anomaly Detection

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Identifies unusual patterns that do not conform to expected behavior. Commonly used in fraud detection.

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