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Desserts and Pastry Fundamentals
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Profiterole
A small, cream-filled pastry puff made from pâte à choux dough. Often served with a chocolate sauce drizzle.
Tiramisu
An Italian dessert made of layers of coffee-soaked ladyfingers and a rich, creamy filling, often containing mascarpone cheese.
Coulis
A thin fruit or vegetable puree, used as a sauce to accompany desserts. Often found drizzled over cheesecakes or plated desserts.
Macaron
A confection made of almond flour, egg whites, and sugar, sandwiched with a flavored filling. Not to be confused with macaroons.
Ganache
A mixture of chocolate and cream, used as a filling or topping for various desserts. Commonly used in truffles and cakes.
Chiffon Cake
A light, airy cake made with oil, eggs, sugar, flour, baking powder, and flavorings. It's a staple on menus for its sponge-like texture.
Brioche
A type of French bread made with a high proportion of butter and eggs, giving it a rich and tender crumb. Common in breakfast menus.
Pastry Cream
A thick, custard-like cream cooked with eggs, milk, sugar, and flour. Commonly used as a filling for pastries, éclairs, and tarts.
Genoise
A type of Italian sponge cake made with eggs, sugar, and flour. Used as a base for various layered cakes and pastries.
Semifreddo
An Italian semi-frozen dessert, similar to ice cream but with a lighter texture and usually flavored with fruit or nuts.
Bavarois
A dessert made with cream, eggs, sugar, and gelatin, set in a mold and chilled. Often flavored with fruit, chocolate, or liqueurs.
Tarte Tatin
An upside-down pastry in which fruit is caramelized in butter and sugar before the tart is baked. Apples are a common choice.
Meringue
A dessert item made from whipped egg whites and sugar. Can be soft for pavlovas or hard for pie toppings and cookies.
Croquembouche
A French dessert consisting of choux pastry balls piled into a cone and bound with threads of caramel. Often served at special occasions.
Madeleine
A small sponge cake with a distinctive shell-like shape, often flavored with lemon or almond.
Fondant
A type of icing used to decorate or sculpt cakes and pastries. Known for its smooth, pliable texture and matte finish.
Crème Brûlée
A custard dessert topped with a layer of hard caramel, created by caramelizing sugar under a broiler or with a torch.
Gelato
The Italian version of ice cream with a lower fat content than traditional ice cream and a more intense flavor, served at a slightly warmer temperature.
Dacquoise
A dessert cake made with layers of almond and hazelnut meringue and whipped cream or buttercream. It is airy, light, and often served chilled.
Praline
A confection made from nuts and sugar syrup. Can be ground into a paste and used in various dessert items like pastries and fillings.
Clafoutis
A baked French dessert of fruit, traditionally black cherries, arranged in a buttered dish, and covered with a thick flan-like batter.
Panna Cotta
An Italian dessert of sweetened cream thickened with gelatin and molded. It can be flavored with vanilla, coffee, or other flavorings.
Tuile
A thin, crisp wafer made from a batter of flour, sugar, and butter. Can be shaped while warm to form cups or rolls.
Eclair
An oblong pastry made with choux dough filled with a cream and typically topped with chocolate icing.
Soufflé
A baked egg-based dish which can be sweet or savory. Sweet versions often include chocolate or fruit flavors.
Petit Four
Small bite-sized confectionery or savory appetizer. The sweet versions are usually iced and decorated cakes or small pastries.
Pâte à Choux
A light pastry dough used to make éclairs, cream puffs, and profiteroles. It's unique for its puffing ability in the oven.
Mille-feuille
A pastry of several layers of puff pastry alternating with filling, such as pastry cream. Also known as 'Napoleon.'
Beignet
A French-style deep-fried pastry, often dusted with powdered sugar. They are similar to doughnuts and can be filled with fruit or cream.
Charlotte
A dessert with a mold lined with sponge fingers or bread and filled with fruit puree or custard. It can be served cold or unmolded and baked.
Pâte Brisée
A type of shortcrust pastry known for its buttery, flaky texture, used as the base for pies and tarts.
Frangipane
A filling made from almonds, butter, eggs, and sugar. Common in tart fillings and often paired with fruit.
Sablé
A French shortbread cookie known for its sandy texture. Often used as the base for tart shells.
Pavlova
A dessert with a meringue base, crispy on the outside and soft on the inside, topped with whipped cream and fruit.
Compote
A dessert made of whole or pieces of fruit in sugar syrup. Spices and flavorings are sometimes added.
Custard
A dessert made with a cooked mixture of milk or cream and egg yolk. It can be eaten alone or used as a filling.
Pâte Sablée
A sweet, crumbly pastry dough used for making tart and pie shells. It's rich with butter and has a sandy texture.
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