Discover published sets by community

Detects high-energy charged particles via the light they emit when traveling faster than the phase velocity of light in a given medium, as described by the Frank-Tamm formula.

Designed to detect and locate gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in space. It uses scintillation detectors or semiconductor detectors to measure the energy and time of gamma-rays emitted from astrophysical phenomena.

Uses scintillation crystals and photodetectors arranged in an array to form an image of the distribution of a gamma-emitting radionuclide, typically used in nuclear medicine imaging.

Consists of multiple parallel microscopic channels that multiply electrons produced by incident radiation. Applied voltage accelerates electrons down the channels, creating cascades as they impact the walls.

A type of gamma-ray spectrometer that measures gamma-ray energies by completely absorbing the incident radiation in a large volume scintillator crystal, providing information on beta-decay characteristics.

Detects charged particles traveling faster than the speed of light in a medium, which emit Cherenkov radiation. The light is then detected, often with PMTs, to indicate the presence of the particle.

A type of dosimeter that traps electronic excitations at energy levels within the crystal lattice of the material, which when heated release the trapped energy as light, indicating the dose received.

A nuclear medicine imaging technique that utilizes a radioactive tracer emitting positrons, which annihilate with electrons in the body, producing pairs of gamma rays that are detected simultaneously by the system.

Stores the charge produced by ionizing radiation within an electret, a dielectric material that maintains a semi-permanent electric charge. The reduction in surface charge is read out and related to the absorbed dose.

Detects atoms and molecules through their ability to capture electrons. It is highly sensitive to electronegative compounds and is used extensively in gas chromatography.

Operates in a voltage range that allows for the amplification of the ionization signal, making it possible to distinguish between different types of radiation based on the size of the pulse.

A nuclear medicine tomographic imaging technique using gamma-emitting radioisotopes and a gamma camera to construct 2D or 3D images.

Detects neutrons, which are neutral particles, often by converting them to charged particles through reactions with certain materials, then detecting those products.

A device that uses a gas-filled tube to detect and measure ionizing radiation by initiating an electron avalanche in the presence of radiation.

Detects ionizing radiation by using a liquid rather than a gas as the ionizing medium. The conductivity change due to ion pair production is measured and related to the absorbed dose of radiation.

A passive radiation detection device that measures exposure to ionizing radiation by using a photographic film which darkens when exposed to radiation over time.

Uses an organic liquid that scintillates when charged particles pass through. Often employed in neutrino detection and reactor monitoring because it is possible to scale up to large volumes.

A three-dimensional detector that measures the position and energy of charged particles via an electric field that drifts electrons towards a multi-wire chamber or pixelated detector for full track reconstruction.

A thin, perforated polymer foil coated with conductive material. Applied voltage creates strong electric fields in the holes, leading to electron avalanches generated by incoming radiation.

Consists of a gas-filled chamber with electrodes; when radiation enters, it ionizes the gas, causing a current to flow between the electrodes that is proportional to the radiation dose.

Uses a high-resolution digital detector to directly capture and localize radiation from a sample, often used in biological research for observing the distribution of radio-labelled compounds.

Uses a scintillator material which fluoresces when irradiated, coupled with a photomultiplier tube to convert light to an electrical signal.

Measures the energy of particles by absorbing the entire energy and measuring the resultant temperature rise. The principle is based on the calorimetric effect where part of the energy causes an increase in temperature.

Consists of a superheated liquid under pressure. Ionizing radiation traverses the liquid, causing localized boiling that forms a track of bubbles along the path of the radiation.

Used to detect neutrons via the fission reaction when a neutron is absorbed by a suitable fissionable material in the detector, such as uranium-235, creating ionizing particles that are then detected.

A method for the identification and quantification of gamma-ray emitting isotopes through the analysis of gamma-ray energy spectra using scintillation or semiconductor detectors.

A device used to measure the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation. It often uses thermoluminescence or optically stimulated luminescence to quantify exposure.

Solid-state devices consisting of an array of photodiode pixels, each with its own quenching resistor. They operate in Geiger mode to achieve high gain, providing a digital readout of detected photons.

Composed of a polymer material doped with scintillating molecules. It emits light when exposed to charged particles, allowing for inexpensive and robust radiation detection over large areas.

Used for security and screening purposes, these systems detect radiation emissions from people or vehicles passing through, alerting to the presence of radioactive material.

Relies on ionization within a semiconductor material; the electron-hole pairs produced are collected to give an electrical signal proportional to the energy of the incident radiation.

Employs a synthetic diamond as a radiation detection medium because of its strong lattice and excellent thermal conductivity, which are advantageous for detecting high radiation doses and operating at high temperatures.

A type of proportional counter that uses a grid of wires within a chamber. Charged particles passing through the chamber ionize the gas, and the resulting electrons create an avalanche as they move towards the anode wire.

This detector system records coincident events between beta particles and gamma rays, allowing for the sensitive detection of specific radioisotopes, especially useful in radiochemistry and nuclear medicine.

Utilizes detectors that can discriminate the energy of alpha particles to identify and quantify specific alpha-emitting nuclides through spectral analysis, often requiring vacuum conditions or thin windows.

Uses a material that stores energy from radiation exposure in crystal lattice defects. Later, the material is stimulated with light, releasing stored energy as luminescence, indicating the radiation dose received.

A type of electron detector that uses a fluorescent screen and an electron beam controlled by electric or magnetic fields to produce an image in response to an input signal.