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Radiation Shielding Materials
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High-Density Concrete
Concrete with heavy aggregates like barites or hematite, allows for thinner walls compared to standard concrete, used in nuclear reactors and radiation therapy rooms.
Gadolinium
Metal with a very high neutron absorption cross-section, used in neutron shielding and as a burnable poison in nuclear reactors.
Lead Glass
A type of glass with a high percentage of lead oxide that provides transparency and effective shielding against x-rays and gamma rays, used in medical radiography rooms and laboratory windows.
Cobalt Alloy
Metal alloy that can withstand high levels of radiation and maintain structural integrity, used for shielding in medical and industrial radiation sources and devices.
Lead-Bismuth Eutectic
An alloy of lead and bismuth that has a low melting point and excellent neutron shielding properties, used in cooled nuclear reactors and for high-level gamma shielding.
Boronated Polyethylene
Polyethylene infused with boron to increase neutron absorbing capability, lightweight, and used in neutron radiation shielding and personal protective equipment.
Depleted Uranium
Dense metal with high atomic weight, used for gamma ray shielding, commonly used in counterweights in aircraft and radiation shields in medical radiation therapy.
Borosilicate Glass
Glass infused with boron, transparent and used for neutron and gamma radiation shielding in observation windows of nuclear facilities.
Peek (Polyether ether ketone)
A high-performance engineering thermoplastic with excellent chemical and radiation resistance, used in aerospace and nuclear industries for shielding electrical components.
Iron
Metal with moderate density, provides protection against gamma radiation, commonly used in combination with concrete for shielding in nuclear facilities.
Silver-Iodide (AgI)
A compound that can be used with other materials to fine-tune the spectrum of radiation absorption, primarily aimed at specific gamma ray energies.
Bismuth
Heavy, brittle metal with lower toxicity than lead, effectively shields against gamma and x-rays, used in medical imaging devices and personal protective equipment.
Steel
Commonly used in structural applications, provides good gamma radiation shielding when combined in layers with other materials, and is used in containers for radioactive waste.
Lead (Pb)
High density and atomic number, effectively absorbs gamma rays and x-rays, commonly used in medical radiation therapy and nuclear reactors.
Polyurethane foam
Lightweight material mixed with other elements for radiation shielding, used primarily for neutron shielding due to its high hydrogen content.
Gold
Heavy, dense metal that offers efficient shielding for specific types of radiation, particularly alpha particles, used in specialized equipment like satellite shielding.
Water
Acts as a radiation absorber and moderator, used in nuclear reactor cooling systems and spent fuel pools to shield against neutron and gamma radiation.
Lithium Hydride (LiH)
Ionic compound with a high hydrogen content, effective for neutron moderation and shielding, used in fusion reactors and some special applications.
Lead Wool
Composed of fine strands of lead, it is malleable and fills irregular shapes for custom radiation shielding applications, often used to seal gaps around pipes or in walls.
Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
Refactory ceramic material with a high melting point, sometimes used as an additive in nuclear reactor concrete to improve its shielding properties.
Tungsten
Heavy metal like lead, but with a higher melting point, offers good gamma radiation shielding and used in aerospace, medical shielding, and industrial radiography.
Cadmium
Soft, malleable metal that captures neutrons, used in control rods and neutron shielding but also recognized for its toxicity.
Hafnium
Metal with high neutron absorption capacity, used in nuclear reactor control rods and in neutron shielding applications.
Rubber with Lead or Bismuth Additives
Flexible material for protective equipment, like gloves and aprons, that can contain lead or bismuth particles for X-ray shielding in medical applications.
Concrete
Composite material with good structural strength, provides shielding against neutrons, gamma radiation, and to some extent, alpha and beta particles; used in nuclear power plants and bunkers.
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