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Radiation Shielding Materials

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High-Density Concrete

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Concrete with heavy aggregates like barites or hematite, allows for thinner walls compared to standard concrete, used in nuclear reactors and radiation therapy rooms.

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Gadolinium

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Metal with a very high neutron absorption cross-section, used in neutron shielding and as a burnable poison in nuclear reactors.

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Lead Glass

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A type of glass with a high percentage of lead oxide that provides transparency and effective shielding against x-rays and gamma rays, used in medical radiography rooms and laboratory windows.

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Cobalt Alloy

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Metal alloy that can withstand high levels of radiation and maintain structural integrity, used for shielding in medical and industrial radiation sources and devices.

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Lead-Bismuth Eutectic

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An alloy of lead and bismuth that has a low melting point and excellent neutron shielding properties, used in cooled nuclear reactors and for high-level gamma shielding.

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Boronated Polyethylene

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Polyethylene infused with boron to increase neutron absorbing capability, lightweight, and used in neutron radiation shielding and personal protective equipment.

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Depleted Uranium

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Dense metal with high atomic weight, used for gamma ray shielding, commonly used in counterweights in aircraft and radiation shields in medical radiation therapy.

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Borosilicate Glass

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Glass infused with boron, transparent and used for neutron and gamma radiation shielding in observation windows of nuclear facilities.

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Peek (Polyether ether ketone)

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A high-performance engineering thermoplastic with excellent chemical and radiation resistance, used in aerospace and nuclear industries for shielding electrical components.

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Iron

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Metal with moderate density, provides protection against gamma radiation, commonly used in combination with concrete for shielding in nuclear facilities.

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Silver-Iodide (AgI)

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A compound that can be used with other materials to fine-tune the spectrum of radiation absorption, primarily aimed at specific gamma ray energies.

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Bismuth

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Heavy, brittle metal with lower toxicity than lead, effectively shields against gamma and x-rays, used in medical imaging devices and personal protective equipment.

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Steel

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Commonly used in structural applications, provides good gamma radiation shielding when combined in layers with other materials, and is used in containers for radioactive waste.

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Lead (Pb)

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High density and atomic number, effectively absorbs gamma rays and x-rays, commonly used in medical radiation therapy and nuclear reactors.

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Polyurethane foam

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Lightweight material mixed with other elements for radiation shielding, used primarily for neutron shielding due to its high hydrogen content.

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Gold

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Heavy, dense metal that offers efficient shielding for specific types of radiation, particularly alpha particles, used in specialized equipment like satellite shielding.

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Water

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Acts as a radiation absorber and moderator, used in nuclear reactor cooling systems and spent fuel pools to shield against neutron and gamma radiation.

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Lithium Hydride (LiH)

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Ionic compound with a high hydrogen content, effective for neutron moderation and shielding, used in fusion reactors and some special applications.

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Lead Wool

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Composed of fine strands of lead, it is malleable and fills irregular shapes for custom radiation shielding applications, often used to seal gaps around pipes or in walls.

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Magnesium Oxide (MgO)

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Refactory ceramic material with a high melting point, sometimes used as an additive in nuclear reactor concrete to improve its shielding properties.

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Tungsten

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Heavy metal like lead, but with a higher melting point, offers good gamma radiation shielding and used in aerospace, medical shielding, and industrial radiography.

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Cadmium

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Soft, malleable metal that captures neutrons, used in control rods and neutron shielding but also recognized for its toxicity.

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Hafnium

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Metal with high neutron absorption capacity, used in nuclear reactor control rods and in neutron shielding applications.

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Rubber with Lead or Bismuth Additives

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Flexible material for protective equipment, like gloves and aprons, that can contain lead or bismuth particles for X-ray shielding in medical applications.

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Concrete

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Composite material with good structural strength, provides shielding against neutrons, gamma radiation, and to some extent, alpha and beta particles; used in nuclear power plants and bunkers.

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