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Impact of Urbanization on Wildlife

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Overexploitation

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Urban demand can lead to overfishing, hunting, and collecting of wild species. Mitigation: Sustainable resource management and enforcement of conservation laws.

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Pollution

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Contaminates ecosystems affecting food and water sources for wildlife. Mitigation: Stricter regulations on waste disposal and promotion of sustainable practices.

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Vehicle Collisions

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Increasing traffic results in wildlife mortality through collisions. Mitigation: Wildlife overpasses and underpasses along with road signage.

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Stormwater Runoff

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Leads to water pollution and habitat degradation for aquatic wildlife. Mitigation: Creating permeable surfaces and stormwater management systems.

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Altered Water Bodies

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Construction and alteration of water bodies disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Mitigation: Designing urban waterways that mimic natural systems and support biodiversity.

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Displacement and Relocation

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Urban expansion forces wildlife to relocate, often to less suitable habitats. Mitigation: Planning urban expansion carefully to minimize impact and creating new habitats where necessary.

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Habitat Loss

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Leads to a reduction in wildlife habitats, causing declines in species populations. Mitigation: Implementing urban planning that includes green spaces and wildlife corridors.

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Predator-Prey Imbalance

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Urban environments can lead to an imbalance between predator and prey species. Mitigation: Habitat management to maintain natural population balances.

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Domestic Animals and Wildlife

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Domestic pets can threaten urban wildlife through predation and disease. Mitigation: Responsible pet ownership and establishing pet-free wildlife areas.

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Noise Pollution

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Interferes with wildlife communication and breeding. Mitigation: Establishing quiet zones and using noise-reducing materials in construction.

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Reduction in Prey

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Urbanization leads to a decrease in prey species for predators. Mitigation: Management of urban green spaces to support diverse food webs.

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Invasive Species

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Urbanization often introduces invasive species that outcompete native wildlife. Mitigation: Monitoring and controlling invasive species populations.

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Waste Disposal

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Improperly managed urban waste harms wildlife through ingestion and habitat destruction. Mitigation: Improved recycling programs and responsible waste management.

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Climate Change

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Urban areas contribute to climate change which affects wildlife through extreme weather events and habitat shifts. Mitigation: Increasing green areas and promoting carbon-neutral initiatives.

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Soil Compaction

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Urban development causes soil compaction which affects ground-dwelling species. Mitigation: Sustainable land use planning and construction practices.

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Thermal Pollution

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Increased temperatures from urban heat islands can disrupt wildlife ecosystems. Mitigation: Urban tree planting and green roof initiatives to regulate temperature.

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Barrier to Migration

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Urban landscapes create barriers for migratory species. Mitigation: Protecting migration routes and creating green belts.

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Light Pollution

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Disrupts nocturnal wildlife behavior and circadian rhythms. Mitigation: Use of shielded lighting and reducing unnecessary outdoor lighting.

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Water Withdrawal

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Excessive withdrawal of water for urban use causes habitat loss for aquatic and riparian species. Mitigation: Water conservation measures and sustainable water resource management practices.

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Intensified Resource Competition

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Urban wildlife faces increased competition for limited resources. Mitigation: Creating and maintaining urban green spaces that provide natural resources.

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