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Textile Defects and Faults

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Bowing

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Fabric distortion causing the weft to not be at right angles with warp. Prevent by controlling tension and improving fabric construction.

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Oil Stains

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Stains from machinery oils. Prevent by regular equipment cleaning and using oil guards.

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Pilling

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Formation of small balls of fiber on fabric surface. Prevent by selecting pill-resistant fibers and optimizing weaving/knitting settings.

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Wrinkling

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Unwanted creases caused by improper finishing or storage. Prevent by controlled finishing processes and correct folding techniques.

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Shading

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Color variations within the same piece of fabric. Prevent by ensuring dye lot consistency and thorough mixing.

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Skewness

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Distortion causing fabric sides to not be parallel. Prevent by controlling fabric tension and proper machinery setup.

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Abrasion Marks

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Caused by excessive friction during processing. Prevent by ensuring proper lubrication and material handling.

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Yarn Variance

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Inconsistent yarn diameter. Prevent by ensuring uniform spinning and material handling.

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Color Out

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Dyeing defect causing uneven color. Prevent by using quality dyes and consistent dyeing processes.

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Fabric Run

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Laddering defect caused by weak yarns or snagging. Prevent by using stronger yarns and protective packaging.

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Drop Stitch

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A knitting defect where a stitch is not properly formed. Prevent with machine calibration and operator training.

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Slubs

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Thicker places in yarn creating a lump. Prevent by using quality spun yarns and effective quality control.

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Grinning

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Shows the warp through widely spaced weft. Prevent by ensuring proper fabric density and tension balance.

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Holes

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Caused by mechanical damage or weak spots in yarns. Prevent with material inspection and gentle handling.

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Broken Pick

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Missing horizontal yarn due to loom malfunction. Prevent by regular machine maintenance and quality checks.

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