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The ability of a fabric to transport moisture away from the skin to the fabric's outer surface, where it can evaporate. Wicking is important for sportswear and active clothing to maintain comfort and prevent overheating.

A textile process that involves the matting, condensing, and pressing of fibers. Felting creates a dense fabric without any visible weave, used in items like hats, boots, and winter accessories.

The ability of a fabric to allow moisture vapor to pass through it, preventing accumulation of sweat and providing comfort. Breathability is especially relevant in sportswear and hot climate clothing.

The resistance of a textile to changes in color or brightness when subjected to different conditions, such as light, washing, or perspiration. High colorfastness is vital for maintaining the appearance of a garment over time.

A unit of measure for the linear mass density of fibers, defined as the mass in grams per 9000 meters of the fiber. Lower denier textiles are finer and silkier, while higher denier textiles are thicker and more durable.

Refers to fibers or fabrics that repel water. Hydrophobic materials are used in waterproof textiles and are critical for outdoor gear and rainwear.

A classification for polymers indicating their suitability for use in textile production, based on properties like molecular weight and distribution, melting point, and purity. High-grade polymers result in better quality fibers and textiles.

A measure of how well a textile conducts heat. Fabrics with low thermal conductivity are used for insulation in winter clothing, while those with high thermal conductivity are suitable for summer garments.

Refers to fibers or textiles that absorb water easily. Hydrophilic materials are used in towels and bathrobes due to their good moisture-absorbing properties.

The process of creating fabric by interlocking loops of yarn. Knitting allows for elasticity and is used for various textiles, including sweaters, socks, and athletic wear.

The percentage increase in weight of a dry fiber when it fully absorbs moisture from the air. Moisture regain is important for comfort, as it affects a fabric's ability to absorb perspiration and feel comfortable against the skin.

The formation of small balls of fiber on the surface of a fabric due to repeated friction. Pilling can affect the appearance and hand feel of textiles, often reducing the aesthetic quality of apparel.

A device used to weave threads into fabric. The loom's relevance in textiles lies in its ability to create various patterns, textures, and structures in woven fabrics.

Fabrics made by bonding or felting fibers together, without weaving or knitting. Nonwoven textiles are used for disposable items, medical supplies, and geotextiles due to their versatility and cost-effectiveness.

A numerical representation of yarn thickness, which is determined by the number of length units per weight unit. Yarn count is important for the texture, strength, and appearance of a textile.

The way a fabric hangs and conforms to the contours of the body. Drape determines the fluidity and aesthetic appeal of a garment, with various textiles offering different levels of drape.

The ability of a fabric to withstand surface wear from rubbing. Abrasion resistance is important for items subjected to frequent friction, such as jeans and workwear.

The number of twists in one inch of yarn, affecting the texture, strength, and appearance of the final fabric. Fabrics with high TPI are generally stronger but less soft than those with lower TPI.

The maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In textiles, tensile strength is crucial for fabrics used in applications requiring durability, such as outdoor clothing and industrial fabrics.

The waviness of a fiber, which can affect the texture, bulk, elasticity, and warmth of a fabric. Crimp contributes to the thermal insulating properties by trapping air between the fibers.

The series of processes through which a fabric goes after weaving or knitting to improve its appearance, performance or hand feel. Finishing can include treatments such as bleaching, dyeing, and softening.