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Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Regulations
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Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act)
The primary set of laws giving authority to the FDA to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics.
Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)
A mechanism to facilitate the availability and use of medical countermeasures, including drugs and vaccines, during public health emergencies.
Orphan Drug Act
A law that provides incentives for drug companies to develop treatments for rare diseases affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the United States.
Class III Recall
A recall issued by the FDA for products that are unlikely to cause adverse health consequences but have violated FDA regulations.
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
The division of the FDA responsible for ensuring that drugs are safe and effective.
New Drug Application (NDA)
The formal proposal for a new pharmaceutical product, including data from clinical trials, which must be reviewed and approved by the FDA before the product can be marketed.
Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS)
A drug safety program that the FDA can require for certain medications to help ensure the benefits outweigh the risks.
Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA)
An act allowing the FDA to collect fees from drug manufacturers to fund the new drug approval process, thereby accelerating reviews without compromising safety.
21 CFR Part 11
Regulations establishing the criteria under which electronic records and electronic signatures are considered trustworthy, reliable, and equivalent to paper records.
Investigational New Drug Application (IND)
An application submitted to the FDA in order to start clinical trials on a new drug in humans. This must show safety and efficacy data from laboratory and animal studies.
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drug Review
An ongoing review of OTC drugs by the FDA to ensure their safety and efficacy; includes categorization in monographs.
Biologics License Application (BLA)
A request for permission to introduce, or deliver for introduction, a biologic product into interstate commerce.
Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
A law aimed at preventing foodborne illnesses by shifting the focus from responding to contamination to preventing it.
Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)
Regulations that require manufacturers to ensure their products are produced consistently and in controlled conditions to ensure quality.
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)
The center within the FDA responsible for regulating biological products for human use.
Class I Recall
The most serious type of recall issued by the FDA, where there is a reasonable probability that the use of or exposure to the violative product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death.
Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA)
A law that aims to protect consumers from exposure to drugs that may be counterfeit, stolen, contaminated, or otherwise harmful by enabling track and trace across the supply chain.
Class II Recall
A recall issued by the FDA when a product may cause temporary or medically reversible adverse health consequences, but the probability of serious effects is small.
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