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Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Regulations

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Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act)

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The primary set of laws giving authority to the FDA to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics.

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Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)

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A mechanism to facilitate the availability and use of medical countermeasures, including drugs and vaccines, during public health emergencies.

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Orphan Drug Act

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A law that provides incentives for drug companies to develop treatments for rare diseases affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the United States.

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Class III Recall

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A recall issued by the FDA for products that are unlikely to cause adverse health consequences but have violated FDA regulations.

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Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)

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The division of the FDA responsible for ensuring that drugs are safe and effective.

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New Drug Application (NDA)

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The formal proposal for a new pharmaceutical product, including data from clinical trials, which must be reviewed and approved by the FDA before the product can be marketed.

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Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS)

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A drug safety program that the FDA can require for certain medications to help ensure the benefits outweigh the risks.

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Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA)

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An act allowing the FDA to collect fees from drug manufacturers to fund the new drug approval process, thereby accelerating reviews without compromising safety.

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21 CFR Part 11

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Regulations establishing the criteria under which electronic records and electronic signatures are considered trustworthy, reliable, and equivalent to paper records.

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Investigational New Drug Application (IND)

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An application submitted to the FDA in order to start clinical trials on a new drug in humans. This must show safety and efficacy data from laboratory and animal studies.

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Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drug Review

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An ongoing review of OTC drugs by the FDA to ensure their safety and efficacy; includes categorization in monographs.

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Biologics License Application (BLA)

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A request for permission to introduce, or deliver for introduction, a biologic product into interstate commerce.

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Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)

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A law aimed at preventing foodborne illnesses by shifting the focus from responding to contamination to preventing it.

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Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)

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Regulations that require manufacturers to ensure their products are produced consistently and in controlled conditions to ensure quality.

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Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)

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The center within the FDA responsible for regulating biological products for human use.

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Class I Recall

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The most serious type of recall issued by the FDA, where there is a reasonable probability that the use of or exposure to the violative product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death.

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Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA)

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A law that aims to protect consumers from exposure to drugs that may be counterfeit, stolen, contaminated, or otherwise harmful by enabling track and trace across the supply chain.

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Class II Recall

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A recall issued by the FDA when a product may cause temporary or medically reversible adverse health consequences, but the probability of serious effects is small.

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