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Derivative works in animation include spin-offs, sequels, or any new works based on existing characters or settings, which typically require authorization from the copyright owner.

Copyright law protects animation software, allowing developers to control how their programs are used and to prevent unauthorized copying or distribution.

Plagiarism in animation can lead to intellectual property disputes when one's work is closely imitated without proper authorization or attribution, infringing on copyright.

Trademarks protect brand names, slogans, and other identifiers of source including animated characters and can prevent others from using similar marks that might cause confusion.

Secondary creations, such as fan art and parodies, intersect with copyright law where creators must navigate between infringement and fair use.

Work made for hire doctrine in animation results in the production company, not individual artists or animators, owning the copyright, unless there is an agreement stating otherwise.

Intellectual property issues arise in performance capture animation, such as who holds the rights to the recorded performances and the likeness of the performer.

Copyright protects distinctive characters in animation from being copied or reused without permission, ensuring original creators retain control and can license their work.

Digital distribution of animation, such as streaming services, poses unique IP challenges regarding licensing, royalty payments, and unauthorized distribution.

Animation guilds, like the Animation Guild IATSE Local 839, often negotiate collective bargaining agreements that can affect IP rights, credit, and compensation of animators.

Fair use allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research.

International intellectual property laws, such as those outlined in the Berne Convention, impact the distribution and protection of animation across different countries.

The copyright term for animated films generally lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years or 95 years from publication for corporate works, allowing for long-term monetization.

Copyright infringement remedies may include injunctions, damages, and possibly criminal penalties, providing recourse for creators of original animated works against unauthorized use.

Economic rights allow the creators of animations to monetize their work through reproduction, distribution, public performance, and creation of derivative works.

Licensing agreements define the terms under which animation IP can be used or merchandised, influencing the distribution of profits and control over the work.

Patents can protect innovative animation technologies, such as software or hardware, granting exclusive rights to inventors to use and license their creations.

Moral rights protect the personal and reputational interests of creators, such as rights of attribution and integrity, preventing harmful alterations to their work.

VFX software used in animation is protected by IP law, with companies often holding patents or copyrights on proprietary techniques and software.