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Entertainment Industry Labor Laws

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Turnaround Time

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The mandatory rest period between the time an employee finishes work and when they must report back to work, as outlined in many union contracts.

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Completion Bond

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A type of insurance policy taken out by film producers to guarantee that the film will be completed and delivered to the distributor by a certain date.

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International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE)

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A labor union representing technicians, artisans, and craftspersons in the entertainment industry, including live theater, motion picture and television production, and trade shows.

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Residuals

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Payments made to actors, writers, and directors when a motion picture or television program is rebroadcast or sold for various types of distribution after its initial showing or use.

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Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA)

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A written legal contract between an employer and a union representing the employees that details workers' terms and conditions of employment.

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Writers Guild of America (WGA)

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The labor union that represents writers in the motion picture, broadcast, cable, and new media industries.

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Directors Guild of America (DGA)

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A labor organization that represents the creative and economic rights of directors and members of the directorial team.

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Minimum Basic Agreement (MBA)

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The primary contract that SAG-AFTRA negotiates with producers that sets out the minimum terms and conditions for union talent.

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The Coogan Law

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A California law designed to protect the earnings of child performers by requiring that a portion of their earnings be set aside in a trust until they reach the age of 18.

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Force Majeure

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A clause in entertainment industry contracts that frees both parties from liability or obligation when an extraordinary event or circumstance beyond their control prevents one or both parties from fulfilling the contract.

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Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)

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U.S. federal law that establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and youth employment standards affecting employees in the private sector and in federal, state, and local governments.

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Screen Actors Guild‐American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA)

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A labor union that represents approximately 160,000 film and television actors, journalists, radio personalities, recording artists, and other media professionals.

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Taft-Hartley Act

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A 1947 federal law that restricts the activities and power of labor unions.

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California's AB5 Law

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A California state law that codifies the 'ABC' test for determining if workers are employees or independent contractors, impacting how workers in the entertainment industry are classified.

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Meal Penalties

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Financial penalties paid to union members in the entertainment industry for missed or late meal breaks as dictated by their unions' collective bargaining agreements.

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Child Actor Labor Laws

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A set of laws and regulations enacted to protect the welfare and professional rights of minor performers in the entertainment industry.

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Work-For-Hire Doctrine

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A legal doctrine in copyright law where a person or company who hires an artist to create a work necessarily owns the copyright to the work produced.

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Equity Waiver

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An agreement that allows Actors' Equity Association members to work in small, nonprofit theaters without being paid Equity wages.

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Right-to-Work Laws

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State laws that govern the extent to which an employer and a union can require employees' membership, payment of union dues, or fees as a condition of employment, either before or after hiring.

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Above-The-Line

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Refers to the individuals who guide, influence, and add to the creative direction, process, and voice of a motion picture, television program or other screen venture; typically includes writers, directors, producers, and actors.

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