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Basics of Family Law
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Adoption
The legal process by which a person becomes the legal parent of a child who is not biologically theirs.
Equitable Distribution
The fair, but not necessarily equal, division of property between spouses upon divorce.
Marriage
A legally recognized union of two people, typically a man and a woman, in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law.
Surrogacy
An arrangement wherein a woman agrees to carry and give birth to a child for another person or couple, who will become the child's parent(s) after birth.
Mediation
A form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) in which a neutral third-party assists the parties to voluntarily reach a mutually acceptable settlement of their disputes.
Child Custody
The legal determination of where a child will live and who will be responsible for the child’s care and decision-making.
Paternity
Legal acknowledgment of the parental relationship between a father and his child, often established through DNA testing.
Visitation Rights
The right of a non-custodial parent or grandparent, established by court order, to spend time with a child.
Best Interest of the Child
A standard used by courts to make custody and other child-related decisions, focusing on the child's well-being and happiness.
Community Property
A form of property ownership by husband and wife during their marriage that they intend to own together.
Domestic Violence
A pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain control over another intimate partner.
Divorce
The legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body.
Annulment
A legal procedure which cancels a marriage between two individuals, declaring it null and void, as if the marriage never existed.
Alimony
Financial support paid by one ex-spouse to the other after a divorce, as ordered by the court.
Legal Separation
A court-ordered arrangement whereby a married couple lives apart, leading separate lives but remaining legally married.
Guardianship
A legal relationship where a person is appointed to make decisions and care for another individual, who is usually a minor or an incapacitated adult.
Emancipation
A legal process through which a minor becomes self-supporting, assumes adult responsibility for their wellbeing, and is no longer under the care of their parents.
Prenuptial Agreement
A written contract created by two people before they are married that outlines the possession of assets should the marriage fail.
Child Support
Financial support paid by a non-custodial parent to the custodial parent for expenses related to the child's care.
No-Fault Divorce
A divorce where the dissolution of marriage does not require a showing of wrongdoing by either party.
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